{1:1} Fuit vir unus de Ramathaimsophim, de monte Ephraim, et nomen eius Elcana, filius Ieroham, filii Eliu, filii Thohu, filii Suph, Ephrathæus:
{1:1} There was a certain man from Ramah of Zophim, on Mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite.
~ Ramathaim-Zophim means the high places of the watchers. The –im ending in Hebrew is the plural form.
{1:2} et habuit duas uxores, nomen uni Anna, et nomen secundæ Phenenna. Fueruntque Phenennæ filii: Annæ autem non erant liberi.
{1:2} And he had two wives: the name of one was Hannah, and the name of the second was Peninnah. And Peninnah had sons. But Hannah did not have children.
{1:3} Et ascendebat vir ille de civitate sua statutis diebus, ut adoraret et sacrificaret Domino exercituum in Silo. Erant autem ibi duo filii Heli, Ophni et Phinees, sacerdotes Domini.
{1:3} And this man went up from his city, on the established days, so that he might adore and sacrifice to the Lord of hosts at Shiloh. Now the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, priests of the Lord, were in that place.
{1:4} Venit ergo dies, et immolavit Elcana, deditque Phenennæ uxori suæ, et cunctis filiis eius, et filiabus partes:
{1:4} Then the day arrived, and Elkanah immolated. And he gave portions to his wife Peninnah, and to all her sons and daughters.
{1:5} Annæ autem dedit partem unam tristis, quia Annam diligebat. Dominus autem concluserat vulvam eius.
{1:5} But to Hannah he gave one portion with sorrow. For he loved Hannah, but the Lord had closed her womb.
{1:6} Affligebat quoque eam æmula eius, et vehementer angebat, in tantum, ut exprobraret quod Dominus conclusisset vulvam eius:
{1:6} And her rival afflicted her and vehemently distressed her, to a great extent, for she rebuked her that the Lord had closed her womb.
{1:7} sicque faciebat per singulos annos, cum redeunte tempore ascenderent ad templum Domini: et sic provocabat eam. Porro illa flebat, et non capiebat cibum.
{1:7} And she did so every year, when the time returned for them to ascend to the temple of the Lord. And she provoked her in this way. And so, she wept and did not take food.
{1:8} Dixit ergo ei Elcana vir suus: Anna, cur fles? Et quare non comedis? Et quam ob rem affligitur cor tuum? Numquid non ego melior tibi sum, quam decem filii?
{1:8} Therefore, her husband Elkanah said to her: “Hannah, why are you weeping? And why do you not eat? And for what reason do you afflict your heart? Am I not better to you than ten sons?”
{1:9} Surrexit autem Anna postquam comederat, et biberat in Silo. Et Heli sacerdote sedente super sellam ante postes templi Domini,
{1:9} And so, after she ate and drank at Shiloh, Hannah rose up. And Eli, the priest, was sitting on the seat before the door of the temple of the Lord.
{1:10} cum esset Anna amaro animo, oravit ad Dominum, flens largiter,
{1:10} And since Hannah was bitter in soul, she prayed to the Lord, weeping greatly.
{1:11} et votum vovit, dicens: Domine exercituum, si respiciens videris afflictionem famulæ tuæ, et recordatus mei fueris, nec oblitus ancillæ tuæ, dederisque servæ tuæ sexum virilem: dabo eum Domino omnibus diebus vitæ eius, et novacula non ascendet super caput eius.
{1:11} And she made a vow, saying, “O Lord of hosts, if, in looking with favor, you will see the affliction of your servant and will remember me, and will not forget your handmaid, and if you will give to your servant a male child, then I will give him to the Lord all the days of his life, and no razor shall pass over his head.”
{1:12} Factum est autem, cum illa multiplicaret preces coram Domino, ut Heli observaret os eius.
{1:12} Then it happened that, while she multiplied prayers before the Lord, Eli observed her mouth.
{1:13} Porro Anna loquebatur in corde suo, tantumque labia illius movebantur, et vox penitus non audiebatur. Æstimavit ergo eam Heli temulentam,
{1:13} For Hannah was speaking in her heart, and only her lips moved, and her voice was barely heard. Therefore, Eli considered her to be drunk,
{1:14} dixitque ei: Usquequo ebria eris? Digere paulisper vinum, quo mades.
{1:14} and so he said to her: “How long will you be inebriated? You should take only a little wine, but instead you are drenched.”
{1:15} Respondens Anna: Nequaquam, inquit, domine mi: nam mulier infelix nimis ego sum, vinumque et omne quod inebriare potest, non bibi, sed effudi animam meam in conspectu Domini.
{1:15} Responding, Hannah said: “By no means, my lord. For I am an exceedingly unhappy woman, and I drank neither wine, nor anything that can inebriate. Instead, I have poured out my soul in the sight of the Lord.
{1:16} Ne reputes ancillam tuam quasi unam de filiabus Belial: quia ex multitudine doloris, et mœroris mei locuta sum usque in præsens.
{1:16} You should not repute your handmaid as one of the daughters of Belial. For I have been speaking from the abundance of my sorrow and grief, even until now.”
{1:17} Tunc Heli ait ei: Vade in pace: et Deus Israel det tibi petitionem tuam, quam rogasti eum.
{1:17} Then Eli said to her: “Go in peace. And may the God of Israel grant to you your petition, which you have begged of him.”
{1:18} Et illa dixit: Utinam inveniat ancilla tua gratiam in oculis tuis. Et abiit mulier in viam suam, et comedit, vultusque illius non sunt amplius in diversa mutati.
{1:18} And she said, “I wish that your handmaid may find grace in your eyes.” And the woman went on her way, and she ate, and her countenance was no longer changed for the worse.
{1:19} Et surrexerunt mane, et adoraverunt coram Domino: reversique sunt, et venerunt in domum suam Ramatha. Cognovit autem Elcana Annam uxorem suam: et recordatus est eius Dominus.
{1:19} And they rose up in the morning, and they worshipped before the Lord. And they returned and arrived at their own house at Ramah. Then Elkanah knew his wife Hannah. And the Lord remembered her.
{1:20} Et factum est post circulum dierum, concepit Anna, et peperit filium, vocavitque nomen eius Samuel: eo quod a Domino postulasset eum.
{1:20} And it happened that, in the course of days, Hannah conceived and bore a son. And she called his name Samuel, because she had requested him from the Lord.
{1:21} Ascendit autem vir eius Elcana, et omnis domus eius, ut immolaret Domino hostiam sollemnem, et votum suum,
{1:21} Now her husband Elkanah ascended with his entire house, so that he might immolate to the Lord a solemn sacrifice, with his vow.
{1:22} et Anna non ascendit: dixit enim viro suo: Non vadam, donec ablactetur infans, et ducam eum, ut appareat ante conspectum Domini, et maneat ibi iugiter.
{1:22} But Hannah did not go up. For she said to her husband, “I will not go, until the infant has been weaned, and until I may lead him, so that he may appear before the sight of the Lord, and may remain always there.”
{1:23} Et ait ei Elcana vir suus: Fac quod bonum tibi videtur, et mane donec ablactes eum: precorque ut impleat Dominus verbum suum. Mansit ergo mulier, et lactavit filium suum, donec amoveret eum a lacte.
{1:23} And her husband Elkanah said to her: “Do what seems good to you, and stay until you wean him. And I pray that the Lord may fulfill his word.” Therefore, the woman remained at home, and she breastfed her son, until she withdrew him from milk.
{1:24} Et adduxit eum secum, postquam ablactaverat, in vitulis tribus, et tribus modiis farinæ, et amphora vini, et adduxit eum ad domum Domini in Silo. Puer autem erat adhuc infantulus:
{1:24} And after she had weaned him, she brought him with her, along with three calves, and three measures of flour, and a small bottle of wine, and she led him to the house of the Lord at Shiloh. But the boy was still a young child.
{1:25} et immolaverunt vitulum, et obtulerunt puerum Heli.
{1:25} And they immolated a calf, and they presented the boy to Eli.
{1:26} Et ait Anna: Obsecro mi domine, vivit anima tua domine: ego sum illa mulier, quæ steti coram te hic orans Dominum.
{1:26} And Hannah said: “I beg you, my lord, as your soul lives, my lord: I am that woman, who stood before you here, praying to the Lord.
{1:27} Pro puero isto oravi, et dedit mihi Dominus petitionem meam, quam postulavi eum.
{1:27} I prayed for this child, and the Lord granted to me my petition, which I asked of him.
{1:28} Idcirco et ego commodavi eum Domino cunctis diebus, quibus fuerit commodatus Domino. Et adoraverunt ibi Dominum. Et oravit Anna, et ait:
{1:28} Because of this, I have also lent him to the Lord, for all the days when he shall be lent to the Lord.” And they adored the Lord in that place. And Hannah prayed, and she said:
{2:1} Exultavit cor meum in Domino, et exaltatum est cornu meum in Deo meo: dilatatum est os meum super inimicos meos: quia lætata sum in salutari tuo.
{2:1} “My heart exults in the Lord, and my horn is exalted in my God. My mouth is enlarged over my enemies. For I have rejoiced in your salvation.
{2:2} Non est sanctus, ut est Dominus: neque enim est alius extra te, et non est fortis sicut Deus noster.
{2:2} Nothing is holy as the Lord is holy. For there is no other beside you. And nothing is strong as our God is strong.
{2:3} Nolite multiplicare loqui sublimia, gloriantes: recedant vetera de ore vestro: quia Deus scientiarum, Dominus est, et ipsi præparantur cogitationes.
{2:3} Do not continue speaking of great things, boasting. Let what is old depart from your mouth. For the Lord is the God of knowledge, and thoughts are prepared for him.
{2:4} Arcus fortium superatus est, et infirmi accincti sunt robore.
{2:4} The bow of the powerful has been overwhelmed, and the weak have been girded with strength.
{2:5} Repleti prius, pro panibus se locaverunt: et famelici saturati sunt, donec sterilis peperit plurimos: et quæ multos habebat filios, infirmata est.
{2:5} Those who before were filled, have hired themselves out for bread. And the starving have been filled, so that the barren have given birth to many. But she who had borne many sons has become unable.
{2:6} Dominus mortificat et vivificat, deducit ad inferos et reducit.
{2:6} The Lord brings death, and he gives life. He leads away to death, and he brings back again.
~ The word ‘inferos’ has a broader range of meaning than the word ‘hell’. It can refer generally to death and to the afterlife, not merely to Hellfire.
{2:7} Dominus pauperem facit et ditat, humiliat et sublevat.
{2:7} The Lord impoverishes, and he enriches. He humbles, and he lifts up.
{2:8} Suscitat de pulvere egenum, et de stercore elevat pauperem: ut sedeat cum principibus, et solium gloriæ teneat. Domini enim sunt cardines terræ, et posuit super eos orbem.
{2:8} He raises up the indigent from the dust, and he lifts up the poor from filth, so that they may sit with princes, and take hold of a throne of glory. For the hinges of the earth belong to the Lord, and he has placed the globe upon them.
{2:9} Pedes sanctorum suorum servabit, et impii in tenebris conticescent: quia non in fortitudine sua roborabitur vir.
{2:9} He will preserve the feet of his holy ones, and the impious will be silenced in darkness. For no man will prevail by his own strength.
{2:10} Dominum formidabunt adversarii eius: et super ipsos in cælis tonabit: Dominus iudicabit fines Terræ, et dabit imperium regi suo, et sublimabit cornu Christi sui.
{2:10} The adversaries of the Lord will dread him. And over them, he will thunder in the heavens. The Lord will judge the parts of the earth, and he will give dominion to his king, and he will lift up the horn of his Christ.”
{2:11} Et abiit Elcana Ramatha, in domum suam: puer autem erat minister in conspectu Domini ante faciem Heli sacerdotis.
{2:11} And Elkanah went away to Ramah, to his house. But the boy was a minister in the sight of the Lord, before the face of Eli, the priest.
{2:12} Porro filii Heli, filii Belial, nescientes Dominum,
{2:12} But the sons of Eli were sons of Belial, not knowing the Lord,
{2:13} neque officium sacerdotum ad populum: sed quicumque immolasset victimam, veniebat puer sacerdotis, dum coquerentur carnes, et habebat fuscinulam tridentem in manu sua,
{2:13} nor the priestly office for the people. And so, no matter who had immolated a victim, the servant of the priest would arrive, while the flesh was still cooking, and he would take a three-pronged hook in his hand,
{2:14} et mittebat eam in lebetem, vel in caldariam, aut in ollam, sive in cacabum: et omne, quod levabat fuscinula, tollebat sacerdos sibi. Sic faciebant universo Israeli venientium in Silo.
{2:14} and put it into the vessel, or into the cauldron, or into the cooking pot, or into the pan, and all that the hook lifted up, the priest took for himself. So they did to all of Israel who arrived at Shiloh.
{2:15} Etiam antequam adolerent adipem, veniebat puer sacerdotis, et dicebat immolanti: Da mihi carnem, ut coquam sacerdoti: non enim accipiam a te carnem coctam, sed crudam.
{2:15} In addition, before they burned the fat, the servant of the priest would arrive, and he would say to the one who was immolating: “Give me the flesh, so that I may boil it for the priest. For I will not accept cooked meat from you, but raw.”
{2:16} Dicebatque illi immolans: Incendatur primum iuxta morem hodie adeps, et tolle tibi quantumcumque desiderat anima tua. Qui respondens aiebat ei: Nequaquam: nunc enim dabis, alioquin tollam vi.
{2:16} And the one who was immolating would say to him, “First, allow the fat to be burned today, according to custom, and then take for yourself whatever your soul desires.” But in response, he would say to him: “By no means. For you will give it to me now, otherwise I will take it by force.”
{2:17} Erat ergo peccatum puerorum grande nimis coram Domino: quia retrahebant homines a sacrificio Domini.
{2:17} Therefore, the sin of the servants was exceedingly great before the Lord. For they drew men away from the sacrifice of the Lord.
{2:18} Samuel autem ministrabat ante faciem Domini, puer accinctus ephod lineo.
{2:18} But Samuel was ministering before the face of the Lord; he was a youth girded with a linen ephod.
{2:19} Et tunicam parvam faciebat ei mater sua, quam afferebat statutis diebus, ascendens cum viro suo, ut immolaret hostiam sollemnem.
{2:19} And his mother fashioned a little tunic for him, which she brought to him on the appointed days, ascending with her husband, so that he might immolate the solemn sacrifice.
{2:20} Et benedixit Heli Elcanæ et uxori eius: dixitque ei: Reddat tibi Dominus semen de muliere hac, pro fœnore quod commodasti Domino. Et abierunt in locum suum.
{2:20} And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife. And he said to him, “May the Lord repay to you offspring from this woman, on behalf of the loan that you offered to the Lord.” And they went away to their own place.
{2:21} Visitavit ergo Dominus Annam, et concepit, et peperit tres filios, et duas filias: et magnificatus est puer Samuel apud Dominum.
{2:21} Then the Lord visited Hannah, and she conceived and bore three sons and two daughters. And the youth Samuel was magnified with the Lord.
{2:22} Heli autem erat senex valde, et audivit omnia quæ faciebant filii sui universo Israeli: et quomodo dormiebant cum mulieribus quæ observabant ad ostium tabernaculi:
{2:22} Now Eli was very old, and he heard all that his sons were doing to all of Israel, and how they were sleeping with the women who were waiting at the door of the tabernacle.
{2:23} et dixit eis: Quare facitis res huiuscemodi, quas ego audio, res pessimas, ab omni populo?
{2:23} And he said to them: “Why are you doing these kinds of things, very wicked things, that I have heard from all the people?
{2:24} Nolite filii mei: non enim est bona fama, quam ego audio, ut transgredi faciatis populum Domini.
{2:24} My sons, do not be willing. For it is no good report that I am hearing, so that you would cause the people of the Lord to transgress.
{2:25} Si peccaverit vir in virum, placari ei potest Deus: si autem in Dominum peccaverit vir, quis orabit pro eo? Et non audierunt vocem patris sui: quia voluit Dominus occidere eos.
{2:25} If a man has sinned against a man, God may be able to be appeased over him. But if a man has sinned against the Lord, who will pray for him?” But they did not listen to the voice of their father, that the Lord was willing to kill them.
{2:26} Puer autem Samuel proficiebat, atque crescebat, et placebat tam Domino quam hominibus.
{2:26} But the youth Samuel advanced, and grew up, and he was pleasing to the Lord, as well as to men.
{2:27} Venit autem vir Dei ad Heli, et ait ad eum: Hæc dicit Dominus: Numquid non aperte revelatus sum domui patris tui, cum essent in Ægypto in domo Pharaonis?
{2:27} Then a man of God went to Eli, and he said to him: “Thus says the Lord: Was I not revealed openly to the house of your father, when they were in Egypt in the house of Pharaoh?
{2:28} Et elegi eum ex omnibus tribubus Israel mihi in sacerdotem, ut ascenderet ad altare meum, et adoleret mihi incensum, et portaret ephod coram me: et dedi domui patris tui omnia de sacrificiis filiorum Israel.
{2:28} And I chose him out of all the tribes of Israel for myself as priest, so that he might ascend to my altar, and burn incense to me, and wear the ephod before me. And I gave to the house of your father all the sacrifices of the sons of Israel.
{2:29} Quare calce abiecistis victimam meam, et munera mea quæ præcepi ut offerrentur in templo: et magis honorasti filios tuos quam me, ut comederetis primitias omnis sacrificii Israel populi mei?
{2:29} Why have you kicked away my victims and my gifts, which I instructed to be offered in the temple? And why have you given more honor to your sons than to me, so that you eat the first-fruits of every sacrifice of my people Israel?
{2:30} Propterea ait Dominus Deus Israel: Loquens locutus sum, ut domus tua, et domus patris tui ministraret in conspectu meo, usque in sempiternum. Nunc autem dicit Dominus: Absit hoc a me: sed quicumque glorificaverit me, glorificabo eum: qui autem contemnunt me, erunt ignobiles.
{2:30} Because of this, the Lord God of Israel says: I have spoken clearly, so that your house, and the house of your father, may minister in my sight, even forever. But now the Lord says: May this be far from me. Instead, whoever will have glorified me, I will glorify him. But whoever despises me, they will be despised.
{2:31} Ecce dies veniunt: et præcidam brachium tuum, et brachium domus patris tui, ut non sit senex in domo tua.
{2:31} Behold the days are arriving, when I will cut off your arm, and the arm of the house of your father, so that there will not be an old man in your house.
{2:32} Et videbis æmulum tuum in templo, in universis prosperis Israel: et non erit senex in domo tua omnibus diebus.
{2:32} And you will see your rival in the temple, amid all the prosperity of Israel. And there will not be an old man in your house for all days.
{2:33} Verumtamen non auferam penitus virum ex te ab altari meo: sed ut deficiant oculi tui, et tabescat anima tua: et pars magna domus tuæ morietur cum ad virilem ætatem venerit.
{2:33} Yet truly, I will not entirely take away a man of you from my altar, but such that your eyes may fail, and your soul may melt away, and a great part of your house may die out, as it pertains to the state of men.
{2:34} Hoc autem erit tibi signum, quod venturum est duobus filiis tuis, Ophni et Phinees: In die uno morientur ambo.
{2:34} But this will be a sign to you, which will happen to your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas: on one day they both will die.
{2:35} Et suscitabo mihi sacerdotem fidelem, qui iuxta cor meum, et animam meam faciet: et ædificabo ei domum fidelem, et ambulabit coram Christo meo cunctis diebus.
{2:35} And I will raise up for myself a faithful priest, who will act in accord with my heart and my soul. And I will build a faithful house for him. And he will walk before my Christ for all days.
{2:36} Futurum est autem, ut quicumque remanserit in domo tua, veniat ut oretur pro eo, et offerat nummum argenteum, et tortam panis, dicatque: Dimitte me obsecro ad unam partem sacerdotalem, ut comedam buccellam panis.
{2:36} Then this will be in the future, that whoever will have remained of your house, he will approach so that he may pray on his behalf. And he will offer a coin of silver, and a twist of bread. And he will say: ‘Permit me, I beg you, one part of the priestly office, so that I may eat a mouthful of bread.’ ”
{3:1} Puer autem Samuel ministrabat Domino coram Heli, et sermo Domini erat pretiosus in diebus illis, non erat visio manifesta.
{3:1} Now the boy Samuel was ministering to the Lord before Eli, and the word of the Lord was precious in those days; there was no manifest vision.
{3:2} Factum est ergo in die quadam, Heli iacebat in loco suo, et oculi eius caligaverant, nec poterat videre:
{3:2} Then it happened that, on a certain day, Eli was lying in his place. And his eyes had dimmed, so that he was unable to see.
{3:3} lucerna Dei antequam extingueretur, Samuel dormiebat in templo Domini, ubi erat arca Dei.
{3:3} And so, to prevent the lamp of God from going out, Samuel was sleeping in the temple of the Lord, where the ark of God was.
{3:4} Et vocavit Dominus Samuel. Qui respondens, ait: Ecce ego.
{3:4} And the Lord called Samuel. And responding, he said, “Here I am.”
{3:5} Et cucurrit ad Heli, et dixit: Ecce ego: vocasti enim me. Qui dixit: Non vocavi: revertere, et dormi. Et abiit, et dormivit.
{3:5} And he ran to Eli, and he said, “Here I am. For you called me.” And he said: “I did not call. Return and sleep.” And he went away, and he slept.
{3:6} Et adiecit Dominus rursum vocare Samuelem. Consurgensque, Samuel abiit ad Heli, et dixit: Ecce ego: quia vocasti me. Qui respondit: Non vocavi te fili mi: revertere et dormi.
{3:6} And again, the Lord continued to call to Samuel. And rising up, Samuel went to Eli, and he said: “Here I am. For you called me.” And he responded: “I did not call you, my son. Return and sleep.”
{3:7} Porro Samuel necdum sciebat Dominum, neque revelatus fuerat ei sermo Domini.
{3:7} Now Samuel did not yet know the Lord, and the word of the Lord had not been revealed to him.
{3:8} Et adiecit Dominus, et vocavit adhuc Samuelem tertio. Qui consurgens abiit ad Heli,
{3:8} And the Lord continued, and he called to Samuel still a third time. And rising up, he went to Eli.
{3:9} et ait: Ecce ego: quia vocasti me. Intellexit ergo Heli quia Dominus vocaret puerum: et ait ad Samuelem: Vade, et dormi: et si deinceps vocaverit te, dices: Loquere Domine, quia audit servus tuus. Abiit ergo Samuel, et dormivit in loco suo.
{3:9} And he said: “Here I am. For you called me.” Then Eli understood that the Lord had called the boy. And he said to Samuel: “Go and sleep. And if he calls to you from now on, you will say, ‘Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening.’ ” Therefore, Samuel went away, and he slept in his place.
{3:10} Et venit Dominus, et stetit: et vocavit, sicut vocaverat secundo: Samuel, Samuel. Et ait Samuel: Loquere Domine, quia audit servus tuus.
{3:10} And the Lord came, and stood, and he called, just as he had called the other times, “Samuel, Samuel.” And Samuel said, “Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening.”
{3:11} Et dixit Dominus ad Samuelem: Ecce ego facio verbum in Israel: quod quicumque audierit, tinnient ambæ aures eius.
{3:11} And the Lord said to Samuel: “Behold, I am accomplishing a word in Israel. Whoever will hear about it, both his ears will ring.
{3:12} In die illa suscitabo adversum Heli omnia quæ locutus sum super domum eius: incipiam, et complebo.
{3:12} In that day, I will raise up against Eli all the things that I have spoken over his house. I will begin, and I will finish.
{3:13} Prædixi enim ei quod iudicaturus essem domum eius in æternum, propter iniquitatem, eo quod noverat indigne agere filios suos, et non corripuerit eos.
{3:13} For I have foretold to him that I will judge his house unto eternity, because of iniquity. For he had known that his sons acted shamefully, and he did not chastise them.
~ Eli’s mild verbal rebuke of his sons was not acceptable to the Lord. For Eli had authority over his sons and the other priests, and so he should have acted with authority, rather than merely pleading as one might do who lacks authority. If Eli did not have authority, he would be without guilt. But because he had the authority to correct and did not do so, he is guilty.
{3:14} Idcirco iuravi domui Heli quod non expietur iniquitas domus eius victimis et muneribus usque in æternum.
{3:14} For this reason, I have sworn to the house of Eli that the iniquity of his house will not be expiated, with victims or with gifts, even forever.”
{3:15} Dormivit autem Samuel usque mane, aperuitque ostia domus Domini. Et Samuel timebat indicare visionem Heli.
{3:15} Then Samuel slept until morning, and he opened the doors of the house of the Lord. And Samuel was afraid to tell the vision to Eli.
{3:16} Vocavit ergo Heli Samuelem, et dixit: Samuel fili mi? Qui respondens, ait: Præsto sum.
{3:16} Then Eli called Samuel, and he said, “Samuel, my son?” And responding, he said, “I am here.”
{3:17} Et interrogavit eum: Quis est sermo, quem locutus est Dominus ad te? Oro te ne celaveris me. Hæc faciat tibi Deus, et hæc addat, si absconderis a me sermonem ex omnibus verbis, quæ dicta sunt tibi.
{3:17} And he questioned him: “What is the word that the Lord has spoken to you? I beg you that you may not conceal it from me. May God do these things to you, and may he add these other things, if you hide from me one word out of all the things that were told to you.”
{3:18} Indicavit itaque ei Samuel universos sermones, et non abscondit ab eo. Et ille respondit: Dominus est: quod bonum est in oculis suis faciat.
{3:18} And so, Samuel revealed to him all the words, and he did not hide them from him. And he responded: “He is the Lord. May he do what is good in his own eyes.”
{3:19} Crevit autem Samuel, et Dominus erat cum eo, et non cecidit ex omnibus verbis eius in terram.
{3:19} And Samuel grew up, and the Lord was with him, and not one of his words fell to the ground.
{3:20} Et cognovit universus Israel a Dan, usque Bersabee, quod fidelis Samuel propheta esset Domini.
{3:20} And all of Israel, from Dan even to Beersheba, knew Samuel to be a faithful prophet of the Lord.
{3:21} Et addidit Dominus ut appareret in Silo, quoniam revelatus fuerat Dominus Samueli in Silo, iuxta verbum Domini. Et evenit sermo Samuelis universo Israeli.
{3:21} And the Lord continued to appear in Shiloh. For the Lord had revealed himself to Samuel at Shiloh, according to the word of the Lord. And the word about Samuel went forth to all of Israel.
{4:1} Et factum est in diebus illis, convenerunt Philisthiim in pugnam: et egressus est Israel obviam Philisthiim in prælium, et castrametatus est iuxta Lapidem Adiutorii. Porro Philisthiim venerunt in Aphec,
{4:1} And it happened that, in those days, the Philistines assembled to fight. And Israel went out to meet the Philistines in battle, and he made camp beside the Stone of Assistance. But the Philistines went to Aphek,
{4:2} et instruxerunt aciem contra Israel. Inito autem certamine, terga vertit Israel Philisthæis: et cæsa sunt in illo certamine passim per agros, quasi quattuor millia virorum.
{4:2} and they positioned their troops against Israel. Then, when the conflict began, Israel turned his back to the Philistines. And they were cut down in that conflict, in various places in the fields, about four thousand men.
{4:3} Et reversus est populus ad castra: dixeruntque maiores natu de Israel: Quare percussit nos Dominus hodie coram Philisthiim? Afferamus ad nos de Silo arcam fœderis Domini, et veniat in medium nostri, ut salvet nos de manu inimicorum nostrorum.
{4:3} And the people returned to the camp. And those greater by birth of Israel said: “Why has the Lord struck us today before the Philistines? Let us bring to ourselves the ark of the covenant of the Lord from Shiloh. And let it enter into our midst, so that it may save us from the hand of our enemies.”
{4:4} Misit ergo populus in Silo, et tulerunt inde arcam fœderis Domini exercituum sedentis super Cherubim: erantque duo filii Heli cum arca fœderis Dei, Ophni et Phinees.
{4:4} Therefore, the people sent to Shiloh, and they brought from there the ark of the covenant of the Lord of hosts, sitting upon the cherubim. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were with the ark of the covenant of God.
{4:5} Cumque venisset arca fœderis Domini in castra, vociferatus est omnis Israel clamore grandi, et personuit terra.
{4:5} And when the ark of the covenant of the Lord had arrived in the camp, all of Israel shouted with a great clamor, and the land resounded.
{4:6} Et audierunt Philisthiim vocem clamoris, dixeruntque: Quænam est hæc vox clamoris magni in castris Hebræorum? Et cognoverunt quod arca Domini venisset in castra.
{4:6} And the Philistines heard the voice of the clamor, and they said, “What is this voice of a great clamor in the camp of the Hebrews?” And they realized that the ark of the Lord had arrived in the camp.
{4:7} Timueruntque Philisthiim, dicentes: Venit Deus in castra. Et ingemuerunt, dicentes:
{4:7} And the Philistines were afraid, saying, “God has entered into the camp.” And they groaned, saying:
{4:8} Væ nobis: non enim fuit tanta exultatio heri et nudiustertius: Væ nobis! Quis nos salvabit de manu deorum sublimium istorum? Hi sunt dii, qui percusserunt Ægyptum omni plaga, in deserto.
{4:8} “Woe to us! For there was no such great exultation yesterday, or the day before. Woe to us! Who will save us from the hand of these sublime gods? These are the gods who struck Egypt with all the plagues, in the desert.”
~ The Philistines substantially misunderstood the one God of Israel, thinking Him to be just like their idols, and so the text has the word ‘gods’ with all lowercase letters.
{4:9} Confortamini, et estote viri, Philisthiim: ne serviatis Hebræis, sicut et illi servierunt vobis: confortamini, et bellate.
{4:9} “Be strengthened, and be manly, O Philistines! Otherwise, you may serve the Hebrews, as they also have served you. Be strengthened and wage war!”
{4:10} Pugnaverunt ergo Philisthiim, et cæsus est Israel, et fugit unusquisque in tabernaculum suum: et facta est plaga magna nimis: et ceciderunt de Israel triginta millia peditum.
{4:10} Therefore, the Philistines fought, and Israel was cut down, and each one fled to his own tent. And an exceedingly great slaughter occurred. And thirty thousand foot soldiers from Israel fell.
~ The expression “each one fled to his own tent” is like the expression “every man for himself”. It indicates that they no longer acted as a body, but were scattered.
{4:11} Et arca Dei capta est: duo quoque filii Heli mortui sunt, Ophni et Phinees.
{4:11} And the ark of God was captured. Also, the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, died.
{4:12} Currens autem vir de Beniamin ex acie, venit in Silo in die illa, scissa veste, et conspersus pulvere caput.
{4:12} Now a man of Benjamin, rushing from the troops, arrived at Shiloh on the same day, with his clothing torn, and with his head sprinkled with dust.
{4:13} Cumque ille venisset, Heli sedebat super sellam contra viam spectans. Erat enim cor eius pavens pro arca Dei. Vir autem ille postquam ingressus est, nunciavit urbi: et ululavit omnis civitas.
{4:13} And when he had arrived, Eli was sitting on a seat opposite the way, gazing out. For his heart was fearful on behalf of the ark of God. Then, after this man entered the city, he announced it to the city. And the entire city wailed.
{4:14} Et audivit Heli sonitum clamoris, dixitque: Quis est hic sonitus tumultus huius? At ille festinavit, et venit, et nunciavit Heli.
{4:14} And Eli heard the sound of the outcry, and he said, “What is this sound, this tumult?” And the man hurried, and he went and announced it to Eli.
{4:15} Heli autem erat nonaginta et octo annorum, et oculi eius caligaverant, et videre non poterat.
{4:15} Now Eli was ninety-eight years old, and his eyes had dimmed, so that he was not able to see.
{4:16} Et dixit ad Heli: Ego sum qui veni de prælio, et ego qui de acie fugi hodie. Cui ille ait: Quid actum est fili mi?
{4:16} And he said to Eli: “I am the one who came from the battle. And it is I who fled from the troops today.” And he said to him, “What has happened, my son?”
{4:17} Respondens autem ille, qui nunciabat: Fugit, inquit, Israel coram Philisthiim, et ruina magna facta est in populo: insuper et duo filii tui mortui sunt, Ophni et Phinees: et arca Dei capta est.
{4:17} And responding, the man reported and said: “Israel has fled before the Philistines. And a great ruin has happened to the people. Moreover, your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, also have died. And the ark of God has been captured.”
{4:18} Cumque ille nominasset arcam Dei, cecidit de sella retrorsum iuxta ostium, et fractis cervicibus mortuus est. Senex enim erat vir et grandævus: et ipse iudicavit Israel quadraginta annis.
{4:18} And when he had named the ark of God, he fell from the seat backwards, toward the door, and, having broken his neck, he died. For he was an old man of great age. And he judged Israel for forty years.
{4:19} Nurus autem eius, uxor Phinees, prægnans erat, vicinaque partui: et audito nuncio quod capta esset arca Dei, et mortuus esset socer suus, et vir suus, incurvavit se et peperit: irruerant enim in eam dolores subiti.
{4:19} Now his daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant, and her delivery was near. And upon hearing the news that the ark of God had been captured, and that her father-in-law and her husband had died, she bent down and went into labor. For her pains rushed upon her suddenly.
{4:20} In ipso autem momento mortis eius, dixerunt ei quæ stabant circa eam: Ne timeas, quia filium peperisti. Quæ non respondit eis, neque animadvertit.
{4:20} Then, when she was near death, those who were standing around her said to her, “You should not be afraid, for you have given birth to a son.” But she did not respond to them, and she did not notice them.
{4:21} Et vocabit puerum, Ichabod, dicens: Translata est gloria de Israel, quia capta est arca Dei, et pro socero suo et pro viro suo;
{4:21} And she called the boy Ichabod, saying, “The glory of Israel has been taken away,” because the ark of God was captured, and because of her father-in-law and her husband.
{4:22} et ait: Translata est gloria ab Israel, eo quod capta esset arca Dei.
{4:22} And she said, “The glory has been taken away from Israel,” because the ark of God had been captured.
{5:1} Philisthiim autem tulerunt arcam Dei, et asportaverunt eam a Lapide adiutorii in Azotum.
{5:1} Then the Philistines took the ark of God, and they transported it from the Stone of Assistance into Ashdod.
{5:2} Tuleruntque Philisthiim arcam Dei, et intulerunt eam in templum Dagon, et statuerunt eam iuxta Dagon.
{5:2} And the Philistines took the ark of God, and carried it into the temple of Dagon. And they stationed it beside Dagon.
{5:3} Cumque surrexissent diluculo Azotii altera die, ecce Dagon iacebat pronus in terra ante arcam Domini: et tulerunt Dagon, et restituerunt eum in locum suum.
{5:3} And when the Ashdodites had risen up at first light on the next day, behold, Dagon was lying prone on the ground before the ark of the Lord. And they took Dagon, and they set him again in his place.
{5:4} Rursumque mane die altera consurgentes, invenerunt Dagon iacentem super faciem suam in terra coram arca Domini: caput autem Dagon, et duæ palmæ manuum eius abscissæ erant super limen:
{5:4} And again, on the next day, rising up in the morning, they found Dagon lying on his face upon the ground, before the ark of the Lord. But the head of Dagon, and both palms of his hands had been cut off upon the threshold.
{5:5} porro Dagon solus truncus remanserat in loco suo. Propter hanc causam non calcant sacerdotes Dagon, et omnes qui ingrediuntur templum eius, super limen Dagon in Azoto, usque in hodiernum diem.
{5:5} Moreover, only the trunk of Dagon remained in its place. For this reason, the priests of Dagon, and all who enter his temple, do not tread upon the threshold of Dagon in Ashdod, even to this day.
{5:6} Aggravata est autem manus Domini super Azotios, et demolitus est eos: et percussit in secretiori parte natium Azotum, et fines eius. Et ebullierunt villæ et agri in medio regionis illius, et nati sunt mures, et facta est confusio mortis magnæ in civitate.
{5:6} Now the hand of the Lord weighed heavily upon the Ashdodites, and he destroyed them. And he struck Ashdod and its borders at the inner part of the buttocks. And in the villages and fields, in the midst of that region, mice rose up and burst forth. And this caused a great tumult unto death in the city.
~ The Ashdodites were struck with some kind of disease that affected the bowels.
{5:7} Videntes autem viri Azotii huiuscemodi plagam, dixerunt: Non maneat arca Dei Israel apud nos: quoniam dura est manus eius super nos, et super Dagon deum nostrum.
{5:7} Then the men of Ashdod, seeing this kind of plague, said: “The ark of the God of Israel shall not remain with us. For his hand is harsh, over us and over Dagon, our god.”
{5:8} Et mittentes congregaverunt omnes satrapas Philisthinorum ad se, et dixerunt: Quid faciemus de arca Dei Israel? Responderuntque Gethæi: Circumducatur arca Dei Israel. Et circumduxerunt arcam Dei Israel.
{5:8} And sending, they gathered together all the princes of the Philistines to them, and they said, “What shall we do about the ark of the God of Israel?” And the Gathites responded, “Let the ark of the God of Israel be led around.” And they led the ark of the God of Israel around.
{5:9} Illis autem circumducentibus eam, fiebat manus Domini per singulas civitates interfectionis magnæ nimis: et percutiebat viros uniuscuiusque urbis, a parvo usque ad maiorem, et computrescebant prominentes ex tales eorum. Inieruntque Gethæi consilium, et fecerunt sibi sedes pelliceas.
{5:9} And as they were carrying it around, the hand of the Lord fell upon every single city with an exceedingly great slaughter. And he struck down the men of each and every city, from the small even to the great. And cysts were festering at their buttocks. And the Gathites took counsel, and they made for themselves seat covers from pelts.
{5:10} Miserunt ergo arcam Dei in Accaron. Cumque venisset arca Dei in Accaron, exclamaverunt Accaronitæ, dicentes: Adduxerunt ad nos arcam Dei Israel, ut interficiat nos et populum nostrum.
{5:10} Therefore, they sent the ark of God into Ekron. And when the ark of God had arrived at Ekron, the Ekronites cried out, saying, “They have brought the ark of the God of Israel to us, so that it may kill us and our people!”
{5:11} Miserunt itaque et congregaverunt omnes satrapas Philisthinorum: qui dixerunt: Dimittite arcam Dei Israel, et revertatur in locum suum, et non interficiat nos cum populo nostro.
{5:11} And so they sent and gathered together all the princes of the Philistines, and they said: “Release the ark of the God of Israel, and return it to its own place. And let it not kill us, with our people.”
{5:12} Fiebat enim pavor mortis in singulis urbibus, et gravissima valde manus Dei: viri quoque, qui mortui non fuerant, percutiebantur in secretiori parte natium: et ascendebat ululatus uniuscuiusque civitatis in cælum.
{5:12} For the fear of death fell upon every single city, and the hand of God was very heavy. Also, the men who did not die were being afflicted in the inner part of the buttocks. And the wailing of each city was ascending to heaven.
~ God wanted the seat of the ark to be Shiloh, not among the Philistines; therefore, He afflicted their seats.
{6:1} Fuit ergo arca Domini in regione Philisthinorum septem mensibus.
{6:1} Now the ark of the Lord was in the region of the Philistines for seven months.
{6:2} Et vocaverunt Philisthiim sacerdotes et divinos, dicentes: Quid faciemus de arca Domini? Indicate nobis quomodo remittamus eam in locum suum. Qui dixerunt:
{6:2} And the Philistines called for the priests and the diviners, saying: “What shall we do with the ark of the Lord? Reveal to us in what manner we should send it back to its place.” And they said:
{6:3} Si remittitis arcam Dei Israel, nolite dimittere eam vacuam, sed quod debetis, reddite ei pro peccato, et tunc curabimini: et scietis quare non recedat manus eius a vobis.
{6:3} “If you send back the ark of the God of Israel, do not choose to release it empty. Instead, repay to him what you owe because of sin. And then you will be cured. And you will know why his hand did not withdraw from you.”
{6:4} Qui dixerunt: Quid est quod pro delicto reddere debeamus ei? Responderuntque illi:
{6:4} And they said, “What is it that we ought to repay to him because of transgression?” And they responded:
{6:5} Iuxta numerum provinciarum Philisthinorum quinque anos aureos facietis, et quinque mures aureos: quia plaga una fuit omnibus vobis, et satrapis vestris. Facietisque similitudines anorum vestrorum, et similitudines murium, qui demoliti sunt terram. Et dabitis Deo Israel gloriam: si forte relevet manum suam a vobis, et a diis vestris, et a terra vestra.
{6:5} “In accord with the number of the provinces of the Philistines, you shall fashion five gold cysts and five gold mice. For the same plague has been upon all of you and your princes. And you shall fashion a likeness of your cysts and a likeness of the mice, which have destroyed the land. And so shall you give glory to the God of Israel, so that perhaps he may lift off his hand from you, and from your gods, and from your land.
~ The word ‘anos’ can refer to the anus, but it can also refer to piles or hemorrhoids, i.e. to swellings in that area of the body. In this context, the term refers to the cysts or pustules that occurred as a result of the disease which was plaguing the Philistines.
{6:6} Quare aggravatis corda vestra, sicut aggravavit Ægyptus, et Pharao cor suum? Nonne postquam percussus est, tunc dimisit eos, et abierunt?
{6:6} Why have you hardened your hearts, just as Egypt and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? After he was struck, did he not then release them, and they went away?
{6:7} Nunc ergo arripite et facite plaustrum novum unum: et duas vaccas fœtas, quibus non est impositum iugum, iungite in plaustro, et recludite vitulos earum domi.
{6:7} Now therefore, fashion and take a new cart, with two cows that have given birth, but on which no yoke has been imposed. And yoke them to the cart, but retain their calves at home.
{6:8} Tolletisque arcam Domini, et ponetis in plaustro, et vasa aurea, quæ exolvistis ei pro delicto, ponetis in capsellam ad latus eius: et dimittite eam ut vadat.
{6:8} And you shall take the ark of the Lord, and you shall place it upon the cart, with the articles of gold that you have paid to him on behalf of transgression. You shall place these in a little box at its side. And release it, so that it may go.
{6:9} Et aspicietis: et si quidem per viam finium suorum ascenderit contra Bethsames, ipse fecit nobis hoc malum grande: sin autem, minime: sciemus quia nequaquam manus eius tetigit nos, sed casu accidit.
{6:9} And you shall watch. And if, indeed, it ascends by the way of his own parts, toward Beth-shemesh, then he has done this great evil to us. But if not, then we shall know that it is by no means his hand that has touched us, but instead it happened by chance.”
{6:10} Fecerunt ergo illi hoc modo: et tollentes duas vaccas, quæ lactabant vitulos, iunxerunt ad plaustrum, vitulosque earum concluserunt domi.
{6:10} Therefore, they did it in this way. And taking two cows that were feeding calves, they yoked them to the cart, and they enclosed their calves at home.
{6:11} Et posuerunt arcam Dei super plaustrum, et capsellam, quæ habebat mures aureos et similitudines anorum.
{6:11} And they placed the ark of God upon the cart, with the little box that held the gold mice and the likenesses of the cysts.
{6:12} Ibant autem in directum vaccæ per viam, quæ ducit Bethsames, et itinere uno gradiebantur, pergentes et mugientes: et non declinabant neque ad dextram neque ad sinistram: sed et satrapæ Philisthiim sequebantur usque ad terminos Bethsames.
{6:12} But the cows went directly along the way that leads to Beth-shemesh. And they advanced only in one direction, lowing as they went. And they did not turn aside, neither to the right, nor to the left. Moreover, the princes of the Philistines followed them, as far as the borders of Beth-shemesh.
{6:13} Porro Bethsamitæ metebant triticum in valle: et elevantes oculos suos, viderunt arcam, et gavisi sunt cum vidissent.
{6:13} Now the Beth-shemeshites were harvesting wheat in the valley. And lifting up their eyes, they saw the ark, and they were glad when they had seen it.
{6:14} Et plaustrum venit in agrum Iosue Bethsamitæ, et stetit ibi. Erat autem ibi lapis magnus, et conciderunt ligna plaustri, vaccasque imposuerunt super ea holocaustum Domino.
{6:14} And the cart went into the field of Joshua, a Beth-shemeshite, and it stood still there. Now in that place was a great stone, and so they cut up the wood of the cart, and they placed the cows upon it as a holocaust to the Lord.
{6:15} Levitæ autem deposuerunt arcam Dei, et capsellam, quæ erat iuxta eam, in qua erant vasa aurea, et posuerunt super lapidem grandem. Viri autem Bethsamitæ obtulerunt holocausta, et immolaverunt victimas in die illa Domino.
{6:15} But the Levites took down the ark of God, and the little box that was at its side, in which were the articles of gold, and they placed them upon the great stone. Then the men of Beth-shemesh offered holocausts and immolated victims, on that day, to the Lord.
{6:16} Et quinque satrapæ Philisthinorum viderunt, et reversi sunt in Accaron in die illa.
{6:16} And the five princes of the Philistines saw, and they returned to Ekron on the same day.
{6:17} Hi sunt autem ani aurei, quos reddiderunt Philisthiim pro delicto, Domino: Azotus unum, Gaza unum, Ascalon unum, Geth unum, Accaron unum:
{6:17} Now these are the gold cysts, which the Philistines repaid to the Lord for transgression: for Ashdod one, for Gaza one, for Ashkelon one, for Gath one, for Ekron one.
{6:18} et mures aureos secundum numerum urbium Philisthiim, quinque provinciarum, ab urbe murata, usque ad villam, quæ erat absque muro, et usque ad Abelmagnum, super quem posuerunt arcam Domini, quæ erat usque in illum diem in agro Iosue Bethsamitis.
{6:18} And there were gold mice, according to the number of the cities of the Philistines, of the five provinces, from the fortified city to the village that was without a wall, and even to the great stone upon which they placed the ark of the Lord, which was, at last in that day, in the field of Joshua, the Beth-shemeshite.
{6:19} Percussit autem de viris Bethsamitibus, eo quod vidissent arcam Domini: et percussit de populo septuaginta viros, et quinquaginta millia plebis. Luxitque populus, eo quod Dominus percussisset plebem plaga magna.
{6:19} Then he struck down some of the men of Beth-shemesh, because they had seen the ark of the Lord. And he struck down some of the people: seventy men, and fifty thousand of the common people. And the people lamented, because the Lord had struck the people with a great slaughter.
{6:20} Et dixerunt viri Bethsamitæ: Quis poterit stare in conspectu Domini Dei sancti huius? Et ad quem ascendet a nobis?
{6:20} And the men of Beth-shemesh said: “Who will be able to stand in the sight of the Lord, this holy God? And who will ascend to him from us?”
{6:21} Miseruntque nuncios ad habitatores Cariathiarim, dicentes: Reduxerunt Philisthiim arcam Domini, descendite, et reducite eam ad vos.
{6:21} And they sent messengers to the inhabitants of Kiriath-jearim, saying: “The Philistines have returned the ark of the Lord. Descend and lead it back to you.”
{7:1} Venerunt ergo viri Cariathiarim, et reduxerunt arcam Domini, et intulerunt eam in domum Abinadab in Gabaa: Eleazarum autem filium eius sanctificaverunt, ut custodiret arcam Domini.
{7:1} Then the men of Kiriath-jearim arrived, and they led away the ark of the Lord. And they brought it into the house of Abinadab, in Gibeah. Then they sanctified Eleazar, his son, so that he might care for the ark of the Lord.
{7:2} Et factum est, ex qua die mansit arca Domini in Cariathiarim, multiplicati sunt dies (erat quippe iam annus vigesimus) et requievit omnis domus Israel post Dominum.
{7:2} And it happened that, from that day, the ark of the Lord remained in Kiriath-jearim. And the days were multiplied (for it was now the twentieth year) and all the house of Israel rested, following the Lord.
{7:3} Ait autem Samuel ad universam domum Israel, dicens: Si in toto corde vestro revertimini ad Dominum, auferte deos alienos de medio vestri, Baalim et Astaroth: et præparate corda vestra Domino, et servite ei soli, et eruet vos de manu Philisthiim.
{7:3} Then Samuel spoke to the entire house of Israel, saying: “If you would return to the Lord with your whole heart, take away strange gods from among you, the Baals and Ashtaroth, and prepare your hearts for the Lord, and serve him alone. And he will rescue you from the hand of the Philistines.”
{7:4} Abstulerunt ergo filii Israel Baalim et Astaroth, et servierunt Domino soli.
{7:4} Therefore, the sons of Israel took away the Baals and Ashtaroth, and they served the Lord alone.
{7:5} Dixit autem Samuel: Congregate universum Israel in Masphath, ut orem pro vobis Dominum.
{7:5} And Samuel said, “Gather all of Israel at Mizpah, so that I may pray for you to the Lord.”
{7:6} Et convenerunt in Masphath: hauseruntque aquam, et effuderunt in conspectu Domini, et ieiunaverunt in die illa, atque dixerunt ibi: Peccavimus Domino. Iudicavitque Samuel filios Israel in Masphath.
{7:6} And they convened at Mizpah. And they drew water, and they poured it out in the sight of the Lord. And on that day they fasted, and in that place they said, “We have sinned against the Lord.” And Samuel judged the sons of Israel at Mizpah.
{7:7} Et audierunt Philisthiim quod congregati essent filii Israel in Masphath, et ascenderunt satrapæ Philisthinorum ad Israel. Quod cum audissent filii Israel, timuerunt a facie Philisthinorum.
{7:7} And the Philistines heard that the sons of Israel had gathered together at Mizpah. And the princes of the Philistines ascended against Israel. And when the sons of Israel had heard this, they were afraid before the face of the Philistines.
{7:8} Dixeruntque ad Samuelem: Ne cesses pro nobis clamare ad Dominum Deum nostrum, ut salvet nos de manu Philisthinorum.
{7:8} And they said to Samuel, “May you not cease to cry out to the Lord our God on our behalf, so that he may save us from the hand of the Philistines.”
{7:9} Tulit autem Samuel agnum lactentem unum, et obtulit illum holocaustum integrum Domino: et clamavit Samuel ad Dominum pro Israel, et exaudivit eum Dominus.
{7:9} Then Samuel took one suckling lamb, and he offered it whole, as a holocaust to the Lord. And Samuel cried out to the Lord on behalf of Israel, and the Lord heeded him.
{7:10} Factum est autem, cum Samuel offerret holocaustum, Philisthiim iniere prœlium contra Israel: intonuit autem Dominus fragore magno in die illa super Philisthiim, et exterruit eos, et cæsi sunt a facie Israel.
{7:10} Then it happened that, while Samuel was offering the holocaust, the Philistines began the battle against Israel. But the Lord thundered with a great crash, on that day, over the Philistines, and he terrified them, and they were cut down before the face of Israel.
{7:11} Egressique viri Israel de Masphath persecuti sunt Philisthæos, et percusserunt eos usque ad locum, qui erat subter Bethchar.
{7:11} And the men of Israel, departing from Mizpah, pursued the Philistines, and they struck them down as far as the place which was below Bethcar.
{7:12} Tulit autem Samuel lapidem unum, et posuit eum inter Masphath et inter Sen: et vocavit nomen loci illius, Lapis Adiutorii. Dixitque: Hucusque auxiliatus est nobis Dominus.
{7:12} Then Samuel took a single stone, and he placed it between Mizpah and Shen. And he called the name of this place: The Stone of Assistance. And he said, “For in this place the Lord gave assistance to us.”
{7:13} Et humiliati sunt Philisthiim, nec apposuerunt ultra ut venirent in terminos Israel. Facta est itaque manus Domini super Philisthæos, cunctis diebus Samuelis.
{7:13} And the Philistines were humbled, and they no longer drew near, so that they might enter into the borders of Israel. And so, the hand of the Lord was over the Philistines during all the days of Samuel.
{7:14} Et redditæ sunt urbes, quas tulerant Philisthiim ab Israel, Israeli, ab Accaron usque Geth, et terminos suos: liberavitque Israel de manu Philisthinorum, eratque pax inter Israel et Amorrhæum.
{7:14} And the cities that the Philistines had taken from Israel were restored to Israel, from Ekron as far as Gath, with their borders. And he freed Israel from the hand of the Philistines. And there was peace between Israel and the Amorites.
{7:15} Iudicabat quoque Samuel Israelem cunctis diebus vitæ suæ:
{7:15} And Samuel judged Israel all the days of his life.
{7:16} et ibat per singulos annos circuiens Bethel et Galgala et Masphath, et iudicabat Israelem in supradictis locis.
{7:16} And he went each year, traveling around to Bethel, and to Gilgal, and to Mizpah, and he judged Israel in the above-stated places.
{7:17} Revertebaturque in Ramatha: ibi enim erat domus eius, et ibi iudicabat Israelem: ædificavit etiam ibi altare Domino.
{7:17} And he returned to Ramah. For his house was there, and he judged Israel there. And then he built an altar to the Lord there.
{8:1} Factum est autem cum senuisset Samuel, posuit filios suos iudices Israel.
{8:1} And it happened that, when Samuel had become old, he appointed his sons as judges over Israel.
{8:2} Fuitque nomen filii eius primogeniti Ioel: et nomen secundi Abia, iudicum in Bersabee.
{8:2} Now the name of his firstborn son was Joel, and the name of the second was Abijah: judges at Beersheba.
{8:3} Et non ambulaverunt filii illius in viis eius: sed declinaverunt post avaritiam, acceperuntque munera, et perverterunt iudicium.
{8:3} But his sons did not walk in his ways. Instead, they turned aside, pursuing avarice. And they accepted bribes, and they perverted judgment.
{8:4} Congregati ergo universi maiores natu Israel, venerunt ad Samuelem in Ramatha.
{8:4} Therefore, all those greater by birth of Israel, having gathered together, went to Samuel at Ramah.
{8:5} Dixeruntque ei: Ecce tu senuisti, et filii tui non ambulant in viis tuis: constitue nobis regem, ut iudicet nos, sicut et universæ habent nationes.
{8:5} And they said to him: “Behold, you are elderly, and your sons do not walk in your ways. Appoint for us a king, so that he may judge us, just as all the nations have.”
{8:6} Displicuit sermo in oculis Samuelis, eo quod dixissent: Da nobis regem, ut iudicet nos. Et oravit Samuel ad Dominum.
{8:6} And the word was displeasing in the eyes of Samuel, for they had said, “Give us a king to judge us.” And Samuel prayed to the Lord.
{8:7} Dixit autem Dominus ad Samuelem: Audi vocem populi in omnibus quæ loquuntur tibi. Non enim te abiecerunt, sed me, ne regnem super eos.
{8:7} Then the Lord said to Samuel: “Listen to the voice of the people in all that they are saying to you. For they have not rejected you, but me, lest I reign over them.
{8:8} Iuxta omnia opera sua, quæ fecerunt a die qua eduxi eos de Ægypto usque ad diem hanc: sicut dereliquerunt me, et servierunt diis alienis, sic faciunt etiam tibi.
{8:8} In accord with all their works, which they have done from the day when I led them away from Egypt, even to this day: just as they have forsaken me, and served foreign gods, so now they also do to you.
{8:9} Nunc ergo vocem eorum audi: verumtamen contestare eos, et prædic eis ius regis, qui regnaturus est super eos.
{8:9} Now therefore, hear their voice. Yet truly, testify to them and foretell to them the rights of the king who will reign over them.”
{8:10} Dixit itaque Samuel omnia verba Domini ad populum, qui petierat a se regem,
{8:10} And so, Samuel told all the words of the Lord to the people, who had petitioned a king from him.
{8:11} et ait: Hoc erit ius regis, qui imperaturus est vobis: filios vestros tollet, et ponet in curribus suis, facietque sibi equites et præcursores quadrigarum suarum,
{8:11} And he said: “This will be the right of the king who will have authority over you: He will take your sons, and place them in his chariots. And he will make them his horsemen and his runners before his four-horse chariots.
{8:12} et constituet sibi tribunos, et centuriones, et aratores agrorum suorum, et messores segetum, et fabros armorum et curruum suorum.
{8:12} And he will appoint them to be his tribunes and centurions, and the plowmen of his fields, and the harvesters of the grain, and the makers of his weapons and chariots.
{8:13} Filias quoque vestras faciet sibi unguentarias, et focarias, et panificas.
{8:13} Likewise, your daughters he will take for himself as makers of ointments, and as cooks and bakers.
{8:14} Agros quoque vestros, et vineas, et oliveta optima tollet, et dabit servis suis.
{8:14} Also, he will take your fields, and your vineyards, and your best olive groves, and he will give them to his servants.
{8:15} Sed et segetes vestras, et vinearum reditus addecimabit, ut det eunuchis et famulis suis.
{8:15} Moreover, he will take one tenth of your grain and of the results of your vineyards, so that he may give these to his eunuchs and servants.
{8:16} Servos etiam vestros, et ancillas, et iuvenes optimos, et asinos, auferet, et ponet in opere suo.
{8:16} Then, too, he will take your servants, and handmaids, and your best young men, and your donkeys, and he will set them to his work.
{8:17} Greges quoque vestros addecimabit, vosque eritis ei servi.
{8:17} Also, he will take a tenth of your flocks. And you will be his servants.
{8:18} Et clamabitis in die illa a facie regis vestri, quem elegistis vobis: et non exaudiet vos Dominus in die illa, quia petistis vobis regem.
{8:18} And you will cry out, in that day, from the face of the king, whom you have chosen for yourselves. And the Lord will not heed you, in that day. For you requested a king for yourselves.”
{8:19} Noluit autem populus audire vocem Samuelis, sed dixerunt: Nequaquam: rex enim erit super nos,
{8:19} But the people were not willing to listen to the voice of Samuel. Instead, they said: “By no means! For there shall be a king over us,
{8:20} et erimus nos quoque sicut omnes Gentes: et iudicabit nos rex noster, et egredietur ante nos, et pugnabit bella nostra pro nobis.
{8:20} and we shall be just like all the Gentiles. And our king will judge us, and he will go out before us, and he will fight our wars for us.”
{8:21} Et audivit Samuel omnia verba populi, et locutus est ea in auribus Domini.
{8:21} And Samuel heard all the words of the people, and he spoke them to the ears of the Lord.
{8:22} Dixit autem Dominus ad Samuelem: Audi vocem eorum, et constitue super eos regem. Et ait Samuel ad viros Israel: Vadat unusquisque in civitatem suam.
{8:22} Then the Lord said to Samuel, “Listen to their voice, and appoint a king over them.” And Samuel said to the men of Israel, “Let each one go to his own city.”
{9:1} Et erat vir de Beniamin nomine Cis, filius Abiel, filii Seror, filii Bechorath, filii Aphia, filii viri Iemini, fortis robore.
{9:1} Now there was a man of Benjamin, whose name was Kish, the son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Becorath, the son of Aphiah, the son of a man of Benjamin, strong and robust.
{9:2} Et erat ei filius vocabulo Saul, electus et bonus: et non erat vir de filiis Israel melior illo. Ab humero et sursum eminebat super omnem populum.
{9:2} And he had a son called Saul, an elect and good man. And there was not a man among the sons of Israel better than he was. For he stood head and shoulders above all the people.
{9:3} Perierant autem asinæ Cis patris Saul: et dixit Cis ad Saul filium suum: Tolle tecum unum de pueris, et consurgens vade, et quære asinas. Qui cum transissent per montem Ephraim,
{9:3} Now the donkeys of Kish, the father of Saul, had become lost. And Kish said to his son Saul, “Take with you one of the servants, and rising up, go out and seek the donkeys.” And when they had passed through mount Ephraim,
{9:4} et per terram Salisa, et non invenissent, transierunt etiam per Terram Salim, et non erant: sed et per Terram Iemini, et minime repererunt.
{9:4} and through the land of Shalishah, and had not found them, they crossed also through the land of Shaalim, and they were not there, and through the land of Benjamin, and they found nothing.
{9:5} Cum autem venissent in Terram Suph, dixit Saul ad puerum, qui erat cum eo: Veni et revertamur, ne forte dimiserit pater meus asinas, et solicitus sit pro nobis.
{9:5} And when they had arrived in the land of Zuph, Saul said to the servant who was with him, “Come, and let us return, otherwise perhaps my father may forget the donkeys, and become anxious over us.”
{9:6} Qui ait ei: Ecce vir Dei est in civitate hac, vir nobilis: omne, quod loquitur, sine ambiguitate venit. Nunc ergo eamus illuc, si forte indicet nobis de via nostra, propter quam venimus.
{9:6} And he said to him: “Behold, there is a man of God in this city, a noble man. All that he says, happens without fail. Now therefore, let us go there. For perhaps he may tell us about our way, because of which we have arrived.”
{9:7} Dixitque Saul ad puerum suum: Ecce ibimus: quid feremus ad virum Dei? Panis defecit in sitarciis nostris: et sportulam non habemus, ut demus homini Dei, nec quidquam aliud.
{9:7} And Saul said to his servant: “Behold, let us go. But what will we bring to the man of God? The bread in our sacks has run out. And we have no small gift that we might give to the man of God, nor anything at all.”
{9:8} Rursum puer respondit Sauli, et ait: Ecce inventa est in manu mea, quarta pars stateris argenti, demus homini Dei, ut indicet nobis viam nostram.
{9:8} The servant again responded to Saul, and he said: “Behold, there is found in my hand a coin of the fourth part of a stater. Let us give it to the man of God, so that he may reveal to us our way.”
{9:9} (Olim in Israel sic loquebatur unusquisque vadens consulere Deum: Venite, et eamus ad videntem. Qui enim propheta dicitur hodie, vocabatur olim videns.)
{9:9} (In past times, in Israel, anyone going to consult God would speak in this way, “Come, and let us go to the seer.” For one who is called a prophet today, in past times was called a seer.)
{9:10} Et dixit Saul ad puerum suum: Optimus sermo tuus: Veni, eamus. Et ierunt in civitatem, in qua erat vir Dei.
{9:10} And Saul said to his servant: “Your word is very good. Come, let us go.” And they went into the city, where the man of God was.
{9:11} Cumque ascenderent clivum civitatis, invenerunt puellas egredientes ad hauriendam aquam, et dixerunt eis: Num hic est videns?
{9:11} And as they were ascending the slope to the city, they found some young women going out to draw water. And they said to them, “Is the seer here?”
{9:12} Quæ respondentes, dixerunt illis: Hic est: ecce ante te, festina nunc: hodie enim venit in civitatem, quia sacrificium est hodie populi in excelso.
{9:12} And responding, they said to them: “He is. Behold, he is ahead of you. Hurry now. For he came into the city today, since there is a sacrifice for the people today, on the high place.
{9:13} Ingredientes urbem, statim invenietis eum antequam ascendat excelsum ad vescendum. Neque enim comesurus est populus donec ille veniat: quia ipse benedicit hostiæ, et deinceps comedunt qui vocati sunt. Nunc ergo conscendite, quia hodie reperietis eum.
{9:13} Upon entering the city, you should find him immediately, before he ascends to the high place for the meal. And the people will not eat until he has arrived. For he blesses the victim, and thereafter those who were called will eat. Now therefore, go up. For you will find him today.”
{9:14} Et ascenderunt in civitatem. Cumque illi ambularent in medio urbis, apparuit Samuel egrediens obviam eis, ut ascenderet in excelsum.
{9:14} And they ascended into the city. And as they were walking in the midst of the city, Samuel appeared, advancing to meet them, so that he might ascend to the high place.
{9:15} Dominus autem revelaverat auriculam Samuelis ante unam diem quam veniret Saul, dicens:
{9:15} Now the Lord had revealed to the ear of Samuel, one day before Saul had arrived, saying:
{9:16} Hac ipsa hora, quæ nunc est, cras mittam virum ad te de Terra Beniamin, et unges eum ducem super populum meum Israel: et salvabit populum meum de manu Philisthinorum: quia respexi populum meum, venit enim clamor eorum ad me.
{9:16} “Tomorrow, at the same hour that it is now, I will send to you a man from the land of Benjamin. And you shall anoint him to be the leader over my people Israel. And he will save my people from the hand of the Philistines. For I have looked with favor upon my people, because their outcry has reached me.”
{9:17} Cumque aspexisset Samuel Saulem, Dominus dixit ei: Ecce, vir, quem dixeram tibi, iste dominabitur populo meo.
{9:17} And when Samuel had caught sight of Saul, the Lord said to him: “Behold, the man about whom I spoke to you. This one shall rule over my people.”
{9:18} Accessit autem Saul ad Samuelem in medio portæ, et ait: Indica, oro, mihi, ubi est domus videntis.
{9:18} Then Saul drew near to Samuel, at the middle of the gate, and he said, “Tell me, I beg you: where is the house of the seer?”
{9:19} Et respondit Samuel Sauli, dicens: Ego sum videns. Ascende ante me in excelsum, ut comedatis mecum hodie, et dimittam te mane: et omnia, quæ sunt in corde tuo, indicabo tibi.
{9:19} And Samuel responded to Saul, saying: “I am the seer. Ascend before me to the high place, so that you may eat with me today. And I will send you away in the morning. And I shall reveal to you everything that is in your heart.
{9:20} Et de asinis, quas nudiustertius perdidisti, ne solicitus sis, quia inventæ sunt. Et cuius erunt optima quæque Israel? Nonne tibi et omni domui patris tui?
{9:20} And concerning the donkeys, which were lost the day before yesterday, you should not be anxious, for they have been found. And all the best things of Israel, for whom should they be? Will they not be for you and for all your father’s house?”
{9:21} Respondens autem Saul, ait: Numquid non filius Iemini ego sum de minima tribu Israel, et cognatio mea novissima inter omnes familias de tribu Beniamin? Quare ergo locutus es mihi sermonem istum?
{9:21} And responding, Saul said: “Am I not a son of Benjamin, the least tribe of Israel, and are not my kindred the last among all the families from the tribe of Benjamin? So then, why would you speak this word to me?”
{9:22} Assumens itaque Samuel Saulem, et puerum eius, introduxit eos in triclinium, et dedit eis locum in capite eorum, qui fuerant invitati. Erant enim quasi triginta viri.
{9:22} And so Samuel, taking Saul and his servant, brought them into the dining room, and he gave them a place at the head of those who had been invited. For there were about thirty men.
{9:23} Dixitque Samuel coco: Da partem, quam dedi tibi, et præcepi ut reponeres seorsum apud te.
{9:23} And Samuel said to the cook, “Present the portion that I gave to you, and which I instructed you to set apart beside you.”
{9:24} Levavit autem cocus armum, et posuit ante Saul. Dixitque Samuel: Ecce quod remansit, pone ante te, et comede: quia de industria servatum est tibi, quando populum vocavi. Et comedit Saul cum Samuele in die illa.
{9:24} Then the cook lifted up the shoulder, and he placed it before Saul. And Samuel said: “Behold, what remains, set it before you and eat. For it was preserved for you intentionally, when I called the people.” And Saul ate with Samuel on that day.
{9:25} Et descenderunt de excelso in oppidum, et locutus est cum Saule in solario: stravitque Saul in solario, et dormivit.
{9:25} And they descended from the high place into the town, and he spoke with Saul in the upper room. And he set out a bed for Saul in the upper room, and he slept.
{9:26} Cumque mane surrexissent, et iam elucesceret, vocavit Samuel Saulem in solario, dicens: Surge, et dimittam te. Et surrexit Saul: egressique sunt ambo, ipse videlicet, et Samuel.
{9:26} And when they had risen in the morning, and it now began to be light, Samuel called to Saul in the upper room, saying, “Rise up, so that I may send you on.” And Saul rose up. And they both departed, that is to say, he and Samuel.
{9:27} Cumque descenderent in extrema parte civitatis, Samuel dixit ad Saul: Dic puero ut antecedat nos, et transeat: tu autem subsiste paulisper, ut indicem tibi verbum Domini.
{9:27} And as they were descending to the very limit of the city, Samuel said to Saul: “Tell the servant to go ahead of us, and to continue on. But as for you, stay here a little while, so that I may reveal the word of the Lord to you.”
{10:1} Tulit autem Samuel lenticulam olei, et effudit super caput eius, et deosculatus est eum, et ait: Ecce, unxit te Dominus super hereditatem suam in principem, et liberabis populum suum de manibus inimicorum eius, qui in circuitu eius sunt. Et hoc tibi signum, quia unxit te Deus in principem.
{10:1} Then Samuel took a little vial of oil, and poured it on his head. And he kissed him, and said: “Behold, the Lord has anointed you as first ruler over his inheritance. And you shall free his people from the hands of their enemies, who are all around them. And this shall be a sign for you that God has anointed you as ruler:
{10:2} Cum abieris hodie a me, invenies duos viros iuxta sepulchrum Rachel in finibus Beniamin, in Meridie, dicentque tibi: Inventæ sunt asinæ, ad quas ieras perquirendas: et intermissis pater tuus asinis, solicitus est pro vobis, et dicit: Quid faciam de filio meo?
{10:2} When you will have departed from me this day, you will find two men beside the sepulcher of Rachel, in the parts of Benjamin to the south. And they will say to you: ‘The donkeys have been found, which you had been seeking as you traveled. And your father, forgetting about the donkeys, has been anxious for you, and he says, “What shall I do about my son?” ’
{10:3} Cumque abieris inde, et ultra transieris, et veneris ad quercum Thabor, invenient te ibi tres viri ascendentes ad Deum in Bethel, unus portans tres hœdos, et alius tres tortas panis, et alius portans lagenam vini.
{10:3} And when you will have departed from there, and will have traveled farther, and will have arrived at the oak of Tabor, in that place three men, who are going up to God at Bethel, will find you. One will be bringing three young goats, and another three loaves of bread, and another will be carrying a bottle of wine.
{10:4} Cumque te salutaverint, dabunt tibi duos panes, et accipies de manu eorum.
{10:4} And when they will have greeted you, they will give you two loaves. And you shall accept these from their hand.
{10:5} Post hæc venies in collem Dei, ubi est statio Philisthinorum: et cum ingressus fueris ibi urbem, obvium habebis gregem prophetarum descendentium de excelso, et ante eos psalterium et tympanum, et tibiam, et citharam, ipsosque prophetantes.
{10:5} After these things, you shall arrive at the hill of God, where the garrison of the Philistines is. And when you will have entered the city there, you will meet a company of prophets, descending from the high place, with a psaltery, and a timbrel, and a pipe, and a harp before them, and they will be prophesying.
{10:6} Et insiliet in te Spiritus Domini, et prophetabis cum eis, et mutaberis in virum alium.
{10:6} And the Spirit of the Lord will spring up within you. And you shall prophesy with them, and you shall be changed into another man.
{10:7} Quando ergo evenerint signa hæc omnia tibi, fac quæcumque invenerit manus tua, quia Dominus tecum est.
{10:7} Therefore, when these signs will have happened to you, do whatever your hand will find, for the Lord is with you.
{10:8} Et descendes ante me in Galgala, (ego quippe descendam ad te) ut offeras oblationem, et immoles victimas pacificas: septem diebus expectabis, donec veniam ad te, et ostendam tibi quid facias.
{10:8} And you shall descend before me into Gilgal, (for I will descend to you), so that you may offer an oblation, and may immolate victims of peace. For seven days, you shall wait, until I come to you, and reveal to you what you should do.”
{10:9} Itaque cum avertisset humerum suum ut abiret a Samuele, immutavit ei Deus cor aliud, et venerunt omnia signa hæc in die illa.
{10:9} And so, when he had turned his shoulder, so that he might go away from Samuel, God changed him to another heart. And all these signs occurred on that day.
{10:10} Veneruntque ad prædictum collem, et ecce cuneus prophetarum obvius ei: et insiluit super eum Spiritus Domini, et prophetavit in medio eorum.
{10:10} And they arrived at the above-stated hill, and behold, a group of prophets met him. And the Spirit of the Lord leapt up within him, and he prophesied in their midst.
{10:11} Videntes autem omnes qui noverant eum heri et nudiustertius, quod esset cum prophetis, et prophetaret, dixerunt ad invicem: Quænam res accidit filio Cis? Num et Saul inter prophetas?
{10:11} Then all those who had known him yesterday and the day before, seeing that he was with the prophets, and that he was prophesying, said to one other: “What is this thing that has happened to the son of Kish? Could Saul also be among the prophets?”
{10:12} Responditque alius ad alterum, dicens: Et quis pater eorum? Propterea versum est in proverbium: Num et Saul inter prophetas?
{10:12} And one would respond to the other, saying, “And who is their father?” Because of this, it turned into a proverb, “Could Saul also be among the prophets?”
~ They were asking about the forefather of Kish and of Saul.
{10:13} Cessavit autem prophetare, et venit ad excelsum.
{10:13} Then he ceased to prophesy, and he went to the high place.
{10:14} Dixitque patruus Saul ad eum, et ad puerum eius: Quo abistis? Qui responderunt: Quærere asinas: quas cum non reperissemus, venimus ad Samuelem.
{10:14} And the uncle of Saul said to him, and to his servant, “Where did you go?” And they responded: “To seek the donkeys. But when we did not find them, we went to Samuel.”
{10:15} Et dixit ei patruus suus: Indica mihi quid dixerit tibi Samuel.
{10:15} And his uncle said to him, “Tell me what Samuel said to you.”
{10:16} Et ait Saul ad patruum suum: Indicavit nobis quia inventæ essent asinæ. De sermone autem regni non indicavit ei quem locutus fuerat ei Samuel.
{10:16} And Saul said to his uncle, “He told us that the donkeys would be found.” But the word about the kingdom, which Samuel had spoken to him, he did not reveal to him.
{10:17} Et convocavit Samuel populum ad Dominum in Maspha:
{10:17} And Samuel called the people together, to the Lord at Mizpah.
{10:18} et ait ad filios Israel: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus Israel: Ego eduxi Israel de Ægypto, et erui vos de manu Ægyptiorum, et de manu omnium regum qui affligebant vos.
{10:18} And he said to the sons of Israel: “Thus says the Lord God of Israel: I led Israel away from Egypt, and I rescued you from the hand of the Egyptians, and from the hand of all the kings who were afflicting you.
{10:19} Vos autem hodie proiecistis Deum vestrum, qui solus salvavit vos de universis malis et tribulationibus vestris: et dixistis: Nequaquam: sed regem constitue super nos. Nunc ergo state coram Domino per tribus vestras, et per familias.
{10:19} But today you have rejected your God, who alone saved you from all your evils and tribulations. And you have said: ‘By no means! Instead, appoint a king over us.’ Now therefore, stand in the sight of the Lord, by your tribes and by your families.”
{10:20} Et applicuit Samuel omnes tribus Israel, et cecidit sors tribus Beniamin.
{10:20} And Samuel brought near all the tribes of Israel, and the lot fell upon the tribe of Benjamin.
{10:21} Et applicuit tribum Beniamin et cognationes eius, et cecidit cognatio Metri, et pervenit usque ad Saul filium Cis. Quæsierunt ergo eum, et non est inventus.
{10:21} And he brought near the tribe of Benjamin, with its families, and the lot fell upon the family of Matri. And then it went to Saul, the son of Kish. Therefore, they sought him, but he was not found.
{10:22} Et consuluerunt post hæc Dominum utrumnam venturus esset illuc. Responditque Dominus: Ecce absconditus est domi.
{10:22} And after these things, they consulted the Lord as to whether he would soon arrive there. And the Lord responded, “Behold, he is hidden at home.”
{10:23} Cucurrerunt itaque et tulerunt eum inde: stetitque in medio populi, et altior fuit universo populo ab humero et sursum.
{10:23} And so they ran and brought him there. And he stood in the midst of the people, and he was taller than the entire people, from the shoulders upward.
{10:24} Et ait Samuel ad omnem populum: Certe videtis quem elegit Dominus, quoniam non sit similis illi in omni populo. Et clamavit omnis populus, et ait: Vivat rex.
{10:24} And Samuel said to all the people: “Certainly, you see the one whom the Lord has chosen, that there is not anyone like him among all the people.” And all the people cried out and said, “Long live the king!”
{10:25} Locutus est autem Samuel ad populum legem regni, et scripsit in libro, et reposuit coram Domino: et dimisit Samuel omnem populum, singulos in domum suam.
{10:25} Then Samuel spoke to the people the law of the kingdom, and he wrote it in a book, and he stored it in the sight of the Lord. And Samuel dismissed all the people, each one to his own house.
{10:26} Sed et Saul abiit in domum suam in Gabaa: et abiit cum eo pars exercitus, quorum tetigerat Deus corda.
{10:26} And then Saul went away to his own house at Gibeah. And a portion of the army, whose hearts had been touched by God, went away with him.
{10:27} Filii vero Belial dixerunt: Num salvare nos poterit iste? Et despexerunt eum, et non attulerunt ei munera: ille vero dissimulabat se audire.
{10:27} Yet the sons of Belial said, “How could this one be able to save us?” And they despised him, and they brought him no presents. But he pretended not to hear them.
{11:1} Et factum est quasi post mensem, ascendit Naas Ammonites, et pugnare cœpit adversum Iabes Galaad. Dixeruntque omnes viri Iabes ad Naas: Habeto nos fœderatos, et serviemus tibi.
{11:1} And, about a month afterward, it happened that Nahash the Ammonite ascended and began to fight against Jabesh Gilead. And all the men of Jabesh said to Nahash, “Consider a pact with us, and we will serve you.”
{11:2} Et respondit ad eos Naas Ammonites: In hoc feriam vobiscum fœdus, ut eruam omnium vestrum oculos dextros, ponamque vos opprobrium in universo Israel.
{11:2} And Nahash the Ammonite responded to them, “With this will I strike a pact with you: if I may pluck out all your right eyes, and set you as a disgrace against all of Israel.”
{11:3} Et dixerunt ad eum seniores Iabes: Concede nobis septem dies, ut mittamus nuncios ad universos terminos Israel: et si non fuerit qui defendat nos, egrediemur ad te.
{11:3} And the elders of Jabesh said to him: “Grant to us seven days, so that we may send messengers to all the borders of Israel. And if there is no one who may defend us, we will go out to you.”
{11:4} Venerunt ergo nuncii in Gabaa Saulis: et locuti sunt verba hæc, audiente populo: et levavit omnis populus vocem suam, et flevit.
{11:4} Therefore, the messengers arrived at Gibeah of Saul. And they spoke these words in the hearing of the people. And all the people lifted up their voice and wept.
{11:5} Et ecce Saul veniebat, sequens boves de agro, et ait: Quid habet populus quod plorat? Et narraverunt ei verba virorum Iabes.
{11:5} And behold, Saul arrived, following oxen from the field. And he said, “What has happened to the people that they would weep?” And they explained to him the words of the men from Jabesh.
{11:6} Et insilivit Spiritus Domini in Saul, cum audisset verba hæc, et iratus est furor eius nimis.
{11:6} And the Spirit of the Lord rose up within Saul when he had heard these words, and his fury was enraged exceedingly.
~ Saul had a righteous anger that is absent from many in the Church today.
{11:7} Et assumens utrumque bovem, concidit in frustra, misitque in omnes terminos Israel per manum nunciorum, dicens: Quicumque non exierit, et secutus fuerit Saul et Samuel, sic fiet bobus eius. Invasit ergo timor Domini populum, et egressi sunt quasi vir unus.
{11:7} And taking both the oxen, he cut them into pieces, and he sent them into all the borders of Israel, by the hands of messengers, saying, “Whoever will not go out and follow Saul and Samuel, so shall it be done to his oxen.” Therefore, the fear of the Lord entered into the people, and they went out like one man.
{11:8} Et recensuit eos in Bezech: fueruntque filiorum Israel trecenta millia: virorum autem Iuda triginta millia.
{11:8} And he took a census of them at Bezek. And there were three hundred thousand of the sons of Israel. And there were thirty thousand of the men of Judah.
{11:9} Et dixerunt nunciis qui venerant: Sic dicetis viris, qui sunt in Iabes Galaad: Cras erit vobis salus, cum incaluerit sol. Venerunt ergo nuncii, et annunciaverunt viris Iabes: qui lætati sunt.
{11:9} And they said to the messengers who had arrived: “So shall you say to the men who are of Jabesh Gilead: ‘Tomorrow, when the sun will be hot, you shall have salvation.’ ” Therefore, the messengers went and announced it to the men of Jabesh, who became joyful.
{11:10} Et dixerunt: Mane exibimus ad vos: et facietis nobis omne quod placuerit vobis.
{11:10} And they said, “In the morning, we will go out to you. And you may do whatever you please with us.”
{11:11} Et factum est, cum dies crastinus venisset, constituit Saul populum in tres partes: et ingressus est media castra in vigilia matutina, et percussit Ammon usque dum incalesceret dies: reliqui autem dispersi sunt, ita ut non relinquerentur in eis duo pariter.
{11:11} And it happened that, when the next day had arrived, Saul arranged the people into three parts. And he entered into the middle of the camp at the early morning watch, and he struck down the Ammonites until the day grew hot. Then the remainder were dispersed, so much so that not even two of them were left together.
{11:12} Et ait populus ad Samuelem: Quis est iste qui dixit: Saul num regnabit super nos? Date viros, et interficiemus eos.
{11:12} And the people said to Samuel: “Who is the one who said, ‘Should Saul reign over us?’ Present the men, and we will put them to death.”
{11:13} Et ait Saul: Non occidetur quisquam in die hac, quia hodie fecit Dominus salutem in Israel.
{11:13} And Saul said: “No one shall be killed on this day. For today the Lord has accomplished salvation in Israel.”
{11:14} Dixit autem Samuel ad populum: Venite, et eamus in Galgala, et innovemus ibi regnum.
{11:14} Then Samuel said to the people, “Come, and let us go to Gilgal, and let us renew the kingdom there.”
{11:15} Et perrexit omnis populus in Galgala, et fecerunt ibi regem Saul coram Domino in Galgala, et immolaverunt ibi victimas pacificas coram Domino. Et lætatus est ibi Saul, et cuncti viri Israel nimis.
{11:15} And all the people traveled to Gilgal. And there they made Saul king, in the sight of the Lord at Gilgal. And there they immolated victims of peace, before the Lord. And there Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced exceedingly.
{12:1} Dixit autem Samuel ad universum Israel: Ecce audivi vocem vestram iuxta omnia quæ locuti estis ad me, et constitui super vos regem.
{12:1} Then Samuel said to all of Israel: “Behold, I have listened to your voice, according to all that you have said to me, and I have appointed a king over you.
{12:2} Et nunc rex graditur ante vos: ego autem senui, et incanui: porro filii mei vobiscum sunt: itaque conversatus coram vobis ab adolescentia mea usque ad hanc diem, ecce præsto sum.
{12:2} And now the king advances before you. But I am old and have gray hair. Moreover, my sons are with you. And so, having conversed before you from my youth, even until this day, behold, I am here.
{12:3} Loquimini de me coram Domino, et coram Christo eius, utrum bovem cuiusquam tulerim, aut asinum: si quempiam calumniatus sum, si oppressi aliquem, si de manu cuiusquam munus accepi: et contemnam illud hodie, restituamque vobis.
{12:3} Speak about me before the Lord, and before his Christ, as to whether I have taken anyone’s ox or donkey, or whether I have falsely accused anyone, or whether I have oppressed anyone, or whether I have accepted a bribe from the hand of anyone, and I will repudiate the same, this day, and I will restore it to you.”
{12:4} Et dixerunt: Non es calumniatus nos, neque oppressisti, neque tulisti de manu alicuius quippiam.
{12:4} And they said, “You have not falsely accused us, nor oppressed us, nor have you taken anything from the hand of anyone.”
{12:5} Dixitque ad eos: Testis est Dominus adversum vos, et testis Christus eius in die hac, quia non inveneritis in manu mea quippiam. Et dixerunt: Testis.
{12:5} And he said to them, “The Lord is a witness against you, and his Christ is a witness this day, that you have not found anything in my hand.” And they said, “He is the witness.”
{12:6} Et ait Samuel ad populum: Dominus qui fecit Moysen et Aaron, et eduxit patres nostros de Terra Ægypti.
{12:6} And Samuel said to the people: “It is the Lord who appointed Moses and Aaron, and who led our fathers away from the land of Egypt.
{12:7} Nunc ergo state, ut iudicio contendam adversum vos coram Domino de omnibus misericordiis Domini, quas fecit vobiscum et cum patribus vestris:
{12:7} Now therefore, stand, so that I may contend in judgment against you before the Lord, about all the mercies of the Lord, which he has given to you and to your fathers:
{12:8} quomodo Iacob ingressus est in Ægyptum, et clamaverunt patres vestri ad Dominum: et misit Dominus Moysen et Aaron, et eduxit patres vestros de Ægypto: et collocavit eos in loco hoc.
{12:8} How Jacob entered into Egypt, and your fathers cried out to the Lord. And the Lord sent Moses and Aaron, and he led your fathers away from Egypt, and he transferred them to this place.
{12:9} Qui obliti sunt Domini Dei sui, et tradidit eos in manu Sisaræ magistri militiæ Hasor, et in manu Philisthinorum, et in manu regis Moab, et pugnaverunt adversum eos.
{12:9} But they forgot the Lord their God, and so he delivered them into the hand of Sisera, master of the army of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab. And they fought against them.
{12:10} Postea autem clamaverunt ad Dominum, et dixerunt: Peccavimus, quia dereliquimus Dominum, et servivimus Baalim et Astaroth: nunc ergo erue nos de manu inimicorum nostrorum, et serviemus tibi.
{12:10} But afterward, they cried out to the Lord, and they said: ‘We have sinned, because we have forsaken the Lord, and we have served the Baals and Ashtaroth. Now therefore, rescue us from the hand of our enemies, and we will serve you.’
{12:11} Et misit Dominus Ierobaal, et Badan, et Iephte, et Samuel, et eruit vos de manu inimicorum vestrorum per circuitum, et habitastis confidenter.
{12:11} And the Lord sent Jerubbaal, and Bedan, and Jephthah, and Samuel, and he rescued you from the hand of your enemies all around, and you lived in confidence.
{12:12} Videntes autem quod Naas rex filiorum Ammon venisset adversum vos, dixistis mihi: Nequaquam, sed rex imperabit nobis: cum Dominus Deus vester regnaret in vobis.
{12:12} Then, seeing that Nahash, the king of the sons of Ammon, had arrived against you, you said to me, ‘By no means! Instead, a king shall reign over us,’ even though the Lord your God was reigning over you.
{12:13} Nunc ergo præsto est rex vester, quem elegistis et petistis: ecce dedit vobis Dominus regem.
{12:13} Now therefore, your king is present, whom you chose and requested. Behold, the Lord has given you a king.
{12:14} Si timueritis Dominum, et servieritis ei, et audieritis vocem eius, et non exasperaveritis os Domini: eritis et vos, et rex qui imperat vobis, sequentes Dominum Deum vestrum.
{12:14} If you will fear the Lord, and serve him, and listen to his voice, and not provoke the mouth of the Lord, then both you, and the king who rules over you, will be following the Lord your God.
{12:15} Si autem non audieritis vocem Domini, sed exasperaveritis sermones eius, erit manus Domini super vos, et super patres vestros.
{12:15} But if you will not listen to the voice of the Lord, but instead you provoke his words, then the hand of the Lord will be over you and over your fathers.
{12:16} Sed et nunc state, et videte rem istam grandem quam facturus est Dominus in conspectu vestro.
{12:16} Therefore, stand now, and see this great thing, which the Lord will accomplish in your sight.
{12:17} Numquid non messis tritici est hodie? Invocabo Dominum, et dabit voces et pluvias: et scietis, et videbitis quia grande malum feceritis vobis in conspectu Domini, petentes super vos regem.
{12:17} Is it not the harvest of the wheat today? I will call upon the Lord, and he will send thunder and rain. And you will know and see that you have done a great evil in the sight of the Lord, by petitioning for a king over you.”
{12:18} Et clamavit Samuel ad Dominum, et dedit Dominus voces et pluvias in illa die.
{12:18} And Samuel cried out to the Lord, and the Lord sent thunder and rain on that day.
{12:19} Et timuit omnis populus nimis Dominum et Samuelem, et dixit universus populus ad Samuelem: Ora pro servis tuis ad Dominum Deum tuum, ut non moriamur. Addidimus enim universis peccatis nostris malum, ut peteremus nobis regem.
{12:19} And all the people feared the Lord and Samuel exceedingly. And all the people said to Samuel: “Pray, on behalf of your servants, to the Lord your God, so that we may not die. For we have added to all our sins this evil, that we would petition for a king.”
{12:20} Dixit autem Samuel ad populum: Nolite timere, vos fecistis universum malum hoc: verumtamen nolite recedere a tergo Domini, sed servite Domino in omni corde vestro.
{12:20} Then Samuel said to the people: “Do not be afraid. You have done all this evil. Yet truly, do not choose to withdraw from the back of the Lord. Instead, serve the Lord with all your heart.
{12:21} Et nolite declinare post vana, quæ non proderunt vobis, neque eruent vos, quia vana sunt.
{12:21} And do not choose to turn aside after vanities, which will never benefit you, nor rescue you, since they are empty.
{12:22} Et non derelinquet Dominus populum suum propter nomen suum magnum: quia iuravit Dominus facere vos sibi populum.
{12:22} And the Lord will not abandon his people, because of his great name. For the Lord has sworn to make you his people.
{12:23} Absit autem a me hoc peccatum in Dominum, ut cessem orare pro vobis, et docebo vos viam bonam et rectam.
{12:23} So then, far be it from me, this sin against the Lord, that I would cease to pray for you. And so, I will teach you the good and upright way.
{12:24} Igitur timete Dominum, et servite ei in veritate, et ex toto corde vestro. Vidistis enim magnifica quæ in vobis gesserit.
{12:24} Therefore, fear the Lord, and serve him in truth and from your whole heart. For you have seen the great works that he has done among you.
{12:25} Quod si perseveraveritis in malitia: et vos et rex vester pariter peribitis.
{12:25} But if you persevere in wickedness, both you and your king will perish together.”
{13:1} Filius unius anni erat Saul cum regnare cœpisset, duobus autem annis regnavit super Israel.
{13:1} When he began to reign, Saul was the son of one year, and he reigned over Israel for two years.
~ The expression “son of …” is a common idiomatic expression in Hebrew. Examples: son of death, a dead body; son of perdition, one who is lost; sons of adulterers, these ‘sons’ are not the children of persons who have committed adultery, but rather it is the sons themselves who have committed adultery, behaving as if they are sons of adultery personified.
~ Saul was appointed king by the people one year after he was anointed king by Samuel, that is, one year after the Spirit of the Lord came to him, so that he became a new man with a new heart, as explained in chapter ten. That is why Sacred Scripture says figuratively that Saul was the son of one year when his reign began.
~ Then Saul reigned for two years after being appointed king by the people. So the war occurred three years after Saul anointed him, but two years after he was appointed king.
~ The foolish claim that the correct numbers have been dropped from the text must be false. God’s providence does not permit even the least truth to drop out of Sacred Scripture, nor to become corrupted, nor the least falsehood to enter into Sacred Scripture. Also, from a human point of view, the Jewish scholars gave great weight to numbers and to their figurative meaning. This is reflected in numerous passages where numbers are used symbolically, and this continued even into the New Testament. For example, the 144,000 in the Book of Revelation is a symbolic number. So the Rabbis would not have lost two numbers, from one verse, pertaining to the first king of Israel. It could not have been lost from the written text, not only because of their scrupulosity, but also because the numbers would have been passed on verbally, in their instruction to each generation. Therefore, these numbers are correct.
~ Usually, when the age of a person in the Old Testament is stated, the expression ‘son of …’ is not used. Instead, the age is simply stated plainly. The use of ‘son of …’ indicates a figure of speech, not a statement of the number of years from birth.
{13:2} Et elegit sibi Saul tria millia de Israel: et erant cum Saul duo millia in Machmas, et in monte Bethel: mille autem cum Ionatha in Gabaa Beniamin. Porro ceterum populum remisit unumquemque in tabernacula sua.
{13:2} And Saul chose for himself three thousand men of Israel. And two thousand were with Saul at Michmash and at mount Bethel. Then one thousand were with Jonathan at Gibeah of Benjamin. But the remainder of the people, he sent back, each one to his own tent.
{13:3} Et percussit Ionathas stationem Philisthinorum, quæ erat in Gabaa. Quod cum audissent Philisthiim, Saul cecinit buccina in omni terra, dicens: Audiant Hebræi.
{13:3} And Jonathan struck the garrison of the Philistines, which was in Gibeah. And when the Philistines had heard about it, Saul sounded the trumpet over all the land, saying, “Let the Hebrews listen.”
{13:4} Et universus Israel audivit huiuscemodi famam: Percussit Saul stationem Philisthinorum: et erexit se Israel adversus Philisthiim. Clamavit ergo populus post Saul in Galgala.
{13:4} And all of Israel heard this report, that Saul had struck the garrison of the Philistines. And Israel raised himself up against the Philistines. Then the people cried out to Saul at Gilgal.
~ Although it was actually Jonathan who struck the garrison of the Philistines, Saul is said to have been the author of the attack since Jonathan was acting under the direction of Saul.
{13:5} Et Philisthiim congregati sunt ad prœliandum contra Israel, triginta millia curruum, et sex millia equitum, et reliquum vulgus, sicut arena quæ est in littore maris plurima. Et ascendentes castrametati sunt in Machmas ad Orientem Bethaven.
{13:5} And the Philistines gathered to do battle against Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and the remainder of the common people, who were very many, like the sand that is on the shore of the sea. And ascending, they encamped at Michmash, toward the east of Bethaven.
{13:6} Quod cum vidissent viri Israel se in arcto positos, (afflictus enim erat populus) absconderunt se in speluncis, et in abditis, in petris quoque, et in antris, et in cisternis.
{13:6} And when the men of Israel had seen themselves to be in a narrowed position, they hid themselves in caves, and in out of the way places, and in rocks, and in hollows, and in pits (for the people were distressed).
{13:7} Hebræi autem transierunt Iordanem in Terram Gad et Galaad. Cumque adhuc esset Saul in Galgala, universus populus perterritus est, qui sequebatur eum.
{13:7} Then some of the Hebrews crossed over the Jordan, into the land of Gad and Gilead. And while Saul was still at Gilgal, the entire people who followed him were terrified.
{13:8} Et expectavit septem diebus iuxta placitum Samuelis, et non venit Samuel in Galgala, dilapsusque est populus ab eo.
{13:8} But he waited for seven days, in accord with what was agreed with Samuel. But Samuel did not arrive at Gilgal, for the people were scattering away from him.
{13:9} Ait ergo Saul: Afferte mihi holocaustum, et pacifica. Et obtulit holocaustum.
{13:9} Therefore, Saul said, “Bring me the holocaust and the peace offerings.” And he offered the holocaust.
{13:10} Cumque complesset offerens holocaustum, ecce Samuel veniebat: et egressus est Saul obviam ei ut salutaret eum.
{13:10} And when he had completed the offering of the holocaust, behold, Samuel arrived. And Saul went out to meet him, so that he might greet him.
{13:11} Locutusque est ad eum Samuel: Quid fecisti? Respondit Saul: Quia vidi quod populus dilaberetur a me, et tu non veneras iuxta placitos dies, porro Philisthiim congregati fuerant in Machmas,
{13:11} And Samuel said to him, “What have you done?” Saul responded: “Since I saw that the people were scattering away from me, and you had not arrived after the agreed upon days, and yet the Philistines had gathered together at Michmash,
{13:12} dixi: Nunc descendent Philisthiim ad me in Galgala, et faciem Domini non placavi. Necessitate compulsus, obtuli holocaustum.
{13:12} I said: ‘Now the Philistines will descend to me at Gilgal. And I have not appeased the face of the Lord.’ Compelled by necessity, I offered the holocaust.
{13:13} Dixitque Samuel ad Saul: Stulte egisti, nec custodisti mandata Domini Dei tui, quæ præcepit tibi. Quod si non fecisses, iam nunc præparasset Dominus regnum tuum super Israel in sempiternum,
{13:13} And Samuel said to Saul: “You have acted foolishly. You have not kept the commandments of the Lord your God, which he instructed to you. And if you had not acted in this way, the Lord would, here and now, have prepared your kingdom over Israel forever.
~ Saul committed a sacrilege. Saul was not a priest, and therefore he should not have offered the sacrifice. Samuel was the priest; Saul was not.
{13:14} sed nequaquam regnum tuum ultra consurget. Quæsivit Dominus sibi virum iuxta cor suum: et præcepit ei Dominus ut esset dux super populum suum, eo quod non servaveris quæ præcepit Dominus.
{13:14} But by no means shall your kingdom rise up any more. The Lord has sought for himself a man according to his own heart. And him the Lord has instructed to be the leader over his people, because you have not kept what the Lord has instructed.”
{13:15} Surrexit autem Samuel, et ascendit de Galgalis in Gabaa Beniamin. Et reliqui populi ascenderunt post Saul obviam populo, qui expugnabant eos venientes de Galgala in Gabaa, in colle Beniamin. Et recensuit Saul populum, qui inventi fuerant cum eo, quasi sexcentos viros.
{13:15} Then Samuel rose up and ascended from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin. And the remainder of the people ascended after Saul, to meet the people who were fighting against them, going from Gilgal into Gibeah, to the hill of Benjamin. And Saul took a census of the people, who had been found to be with him, about six hundred men.
{13:16} Et Saul et Ionathas filius eius, populusque qui inventus fuerat cum eis, erat in Gabaa Beniamin: porro Philisthiim consederant in Machmas.
{13:16} And Saul, and his son Jonathan, and the people who had been found to be with them, were at Gibeah of Benjamin. But the Philistines had settled in at Michmash.
{13:17} Et egressi sunt ad prædandum de castris Philisthinorum tres cunei. Unus cuneus pergebat contra viam Ephra ad Terram Sual.
{13:17} And three companies went out from the camp of the Philistines, in order to plunder. One company was traveling toward the way of Ophrah, to the land of Shual.
{13:18} Porro alius ingrediebatur per viam Beth horon. Tertius autem verterat se ad iter termini imminentis valli Seboim contra desertum.
{13:18} Then another entered along the way of Beth-horon. But the third turned itself to the way of the border, overhanging the valley of Zeboim, opposite the desert.
{13:19} Porro faber ferrarius non inveniebatur in omni Terra Israel. Caverant enim Philisthiim, ne forte facerent Hebræi gladium aut lanceam.
{13:19} Now there was no worker of iron to be found in all the land of Israel. For the Philistines had been cautious, lest perhaps the Hebrews might make swords or spears.
{13:20} Descendebat ergo omnis Israel ad Philisthiim, ut exacueret unusquisque vomerem suum, et ligonem et securim et sarculum.
{13:20} Therefore, all of Israel descended to the Philistines, so that each man could sharpen his plowshare, or pick axe, or hatchet, or hoe.
{13:21} Retusæ itaque erant acies vomerum, et ligonum, et tridentum, et securium, usque ad stimulum corrigendum.
{13:21} For their plow blades, and pick axes, and pitch forks, and axes had become blunt, and even the handles needed to be repaired.
{13:22} Cumque venisset dies prœlii, non est inventus ensis et lancea in manu totius populi, qui erat cum Saule et Ionatha, excepto Saul et Ionatha filio eius.
{13:22} And when the day of battle had arrived, there was found neither sword nor spear in the hand of the entire people who were with Saul and Jonathan, except for Saul and his son Jonathan.
{13:23} Egressa est autem statio Philisthiim, ut transcenderet in Machmas.
{13:23} Then the army of the Philistines went out in order to go across Michmash.
{14:1} Et accidit quadam die ut diceret Ionathas filius Saul ad adolescentem armigerum suum: Veni, et transeamus ad stationem Philisthinorum, quæ est trans locum illum. Patri autem suo hoc ipsum non indicavit.
{14:1} And it happened that, on a certain day, Jonathan, the son of Saul, said to the youth who bore his armor, “Come, and let us go over to the garrison of the Philistines, which is across from that place.” But he did not reveal this to his father.
{14:2} Porro Saul morabatur in extrema parte Gabaa sub malogranato, quæ erat in Magron: et erat populus cum eo quasi sexcentorum virorum.
{14:2} Moreover, Saul was staying in the furthermost part of Gibeah, below the pomegranate tree that was at Migron. And the people with him were about six hundred men.
{14:3} Et Achias filius Achitob fratris Ichabod filii Phinees, qui ortus fuerat ex Heli sacerdote Domini in Silo, portabat ephod. Sed et populus ignorabat quo isset Ionathas.
{14:3} And Ahijah, the son of Ahitub, the brother of Ichabod, the son of Phinehas, who had been born of Eli, the priest of the Lord at Shiloh, wore the ephod. But the people did not know where Jonathan had gone.
{14:4} Erant autem inter ascensus, per quos nitebatur Ionathas transire ad stationem Philisthinorum, eminentes petræ ex utraque parte, et quasi in modum dentium scopuli hinc et inde prærupti, nomen uni Boses, et nomen alteri Sene:
{14:4} Now there were, between the ascents along which Jonathan strove to cross to the garrison of the Philistines, rocks projecting from both sides, and, in the manner of teeth, boulders breaking out from one side and the other. The name of one was Shining, and the name of the other was Thorny.
{14:5} unus scopulus prominens ad Aquilonem ex adverso Machmas, et alter ad Meridiem contra Gabaa.
{14:5} One boulder projected toward the north, opposite Michmash, and the other toward the south, opposite Gibeah.
{14:6} Dixit autem Ionathas ad adolescentem armigerum suum: Veni, transeamus ad stationem incircumcisorum horum, si forte faciat Dominus pro nobis: quia non est Domino difficile salvare, vel in multis, vel in paucis.
{14:6} Then Jonathan said to the youth who bore his armor: “Come, let us go across to the garrison of these uncircumcised. And perhaps the Lord may act on our behalf. For it is not difficult for the Lord to save, either by many, or by few.”
{14:7} Dixitque ei armiger suus: Fac omnia, quæ placent animo tuo: perge quo cupis, et ero tecum ubicumque volueris.
{14:7} And his armor bearer said to him: “Do all that is pleasing to your soul. Go wherever you wish, and I will be with you, wherever you will choose.”
{14:8} Et ait Ionathas: Ecce nos transimus ad viros istos. Cumque apparuerimus eis,
{14:8} And Jonathan said: “Behold, we will cross over to these men. And when we will be seen by them,
{14:9} si taliter locuti fuerint ad nos, manete donec veniamus ad vos: stemus in loco nostro, nec ascendamus ad eos.
{14:9} if they have spoken to us in this way, ‘Stay until we come to you,’ let us stand still in our place, and not ascend to them.
{14:10} Si autem dixerint: Ascendite ad nos: ascendamus, quia tradidit eos Dominus in manibus nostris, hoc erit nobis signum.
{14:10} But if they will say, ‘Ascend to us,’ let us ascend. For the Lord has delivered them into our hands. This will be the sign to us.”
{14:11} Apparuit igitur uterque stationi Philisthinorum: dixeruntque Philisthiim: En Hebræi egrediuntur de cavernis, in quibus absconditi fuerant.
{14:11} And so, both of them appeared before the garrison of the Philistines. And the Philistines said, “See, the Hebrews have come out from the holes in which they had been hiding.”
{14:12} Et locuti sunt viri de statione ad Ionathan, et ad armigerum eius, dixeruntque: Ascendite ad nos, et ostendemus vobis rem. Et ait Ionathas ad armigerum suum: Ascendamus, sequere me: tradidit enim Dominus eos in manus Israel.
{14:12} And the men of the garrison spoke to Jonathan and to his armor bearer, and they said, “Ascend to us, and we will show you something.” And Jonathan said to his armor bearer: “Let us ascend. Follow me. For the Lord has delivered them into the hands of Israel.”
{14:13} Ascendit autem Ionathas manibus et pedibus reptans, et armiger eius post eum. Itaque alii cadebant ante Ionathan, alios armiger eius interficiebat sequens eum.
{14:13} Then Jonathan ascended, crawling on his hands and feet, and his armor bearer after him. And then, some fell before Jonathan, others his armor bearer killed as he was following him.
{14:14} Et facta est plaga prima, qua percussit Ionathas et armiger eius, quasi viginti virorum in media parte iugeri, quam par boum in die arare consuevit.
{14:14} And the first slaughter was made when Jonathan and his armor bearer struck down about twenty of the men, in the midst of an area of land that a yoke of oxen would usually plow in a day.
{14:15} Et factum est miraculum in castris, per agros: sed et omnis populus stationis eorum, qui ierant ad prædandum, obstupuit, et conturbata est terra: et accidit quasi miraculum a Deo.
{14:15} And a miracle occurred in the camp, out in the fields. And all of the people of their garrison, who had gone out in order to plunder, were stupefied. And the earth trembled. And it happened as a miracle from God.
{14:16} Et respexerunt speculatores Saul, qui erant in Gabaa Beniamin, et ecce multitudo prostrata, et huc illucque diffugiens.
{14:16} And the watchmen of Saul, who were at Gibeah of Benjamin, looked out, and behold, a multitude was thrown down and dispersed, this way and that.
{14:17} Et ait Saul populo, qui erat cum eo: Requirite, et videte quis abierit ex nobis. Cumque requisissent, repertum est non adesse Ionathan, et armigerum eius.
{14:17} And Saul said to the people who were with him, “Inquire and see who has gone out from us.” And when they had inquired, it was found that Jonathan and his armor bearer were not present.
{14:18} Et ait Saul ad Achiam: Applica arcam Dei. (Erat enim ibi arca Dei in die illa cum filiis Israel.)
{14:18} And Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of the God.” (For the ark of God was, in that day, with the sons of Israel in that place.)
{14:19} Cumque loqueretur Saul ad sacerdotem, tumultus magnus exortus est in castris Philisthinorum: crescebatque paulatim, et clarius resonabat. Et ait Saul ad sacerdotem: Contrahe manum tuam.
{14:19} And while Saul spoke to the priest, there arose a great tumult in the camp of the Philistines. And it was increasing, little by little, and it was being heard more clearly. And Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.”
{14:20} Conclamavit ergo Saul, et omnis populus, qui erat cum eo, et venerunt usque ad locum certaminis: et ecce versus fuerat gladius uniuscuiusque ad proximum suum, et cædes magna nimis.
{14:20} Then Saul, and all the people who were with him, cried out together, and they went to the place of the conflict. And behold, each one’s sword had been turned against his neighbor, and there was a very great slaughter.
{14:21} Sed et Hebræi qui fuerant cum Philisthiim heri et nudiustertius, ascenderantque cum eis in castris, reversi sunt ut essent cum Israel, qui erant cum Saul et Ionatha.
{14:21} Moreover, the Hebrews who had been with the Philistines yesterday and the day before, and who had ascended with them into the camp, turned back so that they might be with those of Israel who were with Saul and Jonathan.
{14:22} Omnes quoque Israelitæ, qui se absconderant in monte Ephraim, audientes quod fugissent Philisthæi, sociaverunt se cum suis in prælio. Et erant cum Saul, quasi decem millia virorum.
{14:22} Likewise, all the Israelites who had hidden themselves on mount Ephraim, hearing that the Philistines had fled, joined themselves with their own in the battle. And there were with Saul about ten thousand men.
{14:23} Et salvavit Dominus in die illa Israel. Pugna autem pervenit usque ad Bethaven.
{14:23} And the Lord saved Israel on that day. But the fight continued as far as Bethaven.
{14:24} Et viri Israel sociati sunt sibi in die illa: adiuravit autem Saul populum, dicens: Maledictus vir, qui comederit panem usque ad vesperam, donec ulciscar de inimicis meis. Et non manducavit universus populus panem:
{14:24} And the men of Israel were joined together on that day. And Saul made the people swear, saying, “Cursed be the man who will eat bread, until evening, until I am avenged of my enemies.” And the entire people did not consume bread.
{14:25} omneque terræ vulgus venit in saltum, in quo erat mel super faciem agri.
{14:25} And all the common people went into a forest, in which there was honey on the surface of the field.
{14:26} Ingressus est itaque populus saltum, et apparuit fluens mel, nullusque applicuit manum ad os suum. Timebat enim populus iuramentum.
{14:26} And so the people entered the forest, and there appeared flowing honey, but no one drew his hand near his mouth. For the people were afraid of the oath.
{14:27} Porro Ionathas non audierat cum adiuraret pater eius populum: extenditque summitatem virgæ, quam habebat in manu, et intinxit in favum mellis: et convertit manum suam ad os suum, et illuminati sunt oculi eius.
{14:27} But Jonathan had not heard that his father had bound the people to an oath. And so he extended the top of the staff that he was holding in his hand, and he dipped it in a honeycomb. And he turned his hand to his mouth, and his eyes were brightened.
{14:28} Respondensque unus de populo, ait: Iureiurando constrinxit pater tuus populum, dicens: Maledictus vir, qui comederit panem hodie. (Defecerat autem populus.)
{14:28} And in response, one of the people said, “Your father has bound the people by an oath, saying: ‘Cursed be the man who will eat any bread this day.’ ” (For the people were faint.)
{14:29} Dixitque Ionathas: Turbavit pater meus terram: vidistis ipsi quia illuminati sunt oculi mei, eo quod gustaverim paululum de melle isto:
{14:29} And Jonathan said: “My father has troubled the land. You have seen for yourselves that my eyes were brightened, because I tasted a little of this honey.
{14:30} quanto magis si comedisset populus de præda inimicorum suorum, quam reperit? Nonne maior plaga facta fuisset in Philisthiim?
{14:30} How much more so, if the people had eaten from the plunder that they find with their enemies? Would not a greater slaughter have been accomplished among the Philistines?”
{14:31} Percusserunt ergo in die illa Philisthæos a Machmis usque in Aialon. Defatigatus est autem populus nimis:
{14:31} Therefore, on that day, they struck down the Philistines, from Michmash as far as Aijalon. But the people were exceedingly wearied.
{14:32} et versus ad prædam tulit oves, et boves, et vitulos, et mactaverunt in terra: comeditque populus cum sanguine.
{14:32} And turning to the spoils, they took sheep, and oxen, and calves, and they slew them on the ground. And the people ate with blood.
{14:33} Nunciaverunt autem Sauli dicentes quod populus peccasset Domino, comedens cum sanguine. Qui ait: Prævaricati estis: volvite ad me iam nunc saxum grande.
{14:33} Then they reported to Saul, saying that the people had sinned against the Lord, eating with blood. And he said: “You have transgressed. Roll a great stone to me, here and now.”
{14:34} Et dixit Saul: Dispergimini in vulgus, et dicite eis ut adducat ad me unusquisque bovem suum et arietem, et occidite super istud, et vescimini, et non peccabitis Domino comedentes cum sanguine. Adduxit itaque omnis populus unusquisque bovem in manu sua usque ad noctem: et occiderunt ibi.
{14:34} And Saul said: “Disperse yourselves among the common people, and tell each one of them to bring to me his ox and his ram, and to slay them upon this stone, and to eat, so that you will not sin against the Lord, in eating with blood.” And so, each one, out of all the people, brought his ox, by his own hand, throughout the night. And they slew them there.
{14:35} Ædificavit autem Saul altare Domino; tuncque primum cœpit ædificare altare Domino.
{14:35} Then Saul built an altar to the Lord. And so, it was then that he first began to build an altar to the Lord.
{14:36} Et dixit Saul: Irruamus super Philisthæos nocte, et vastemus eos usque dum illucescat mane, nec relinquamus ex eis virum. Dixitque populus: Omne quod bonum videtur in oculis tuis, fac. Et ait sacerdos: Accedamus huc ad Deum.
{14:36} And Saul said: “Let us fall upon the Philistines by night, and lay waste to them even until the morning light. And let us not leave behind a man among them.” And the people said, “Do all that seems good in your eyes.” And the priest said, “Let us draw near to God in this place.”
{14:37} Et consuluit Saul Dominum: Num persequar Philisthiim? Si trades eos in manus Israel? Et non respondit ei in die illa.
{14:37} And Saul consulted the Lord: “Shall I pursue the Philistines? Will you deliver them into the hands of Israel?” And he did not respond to him on that day.
{14:38} Dixitque Saul: Applicate huc universos angulos populi: et scitote, et videte per quem acciderit peccatum hoc hodie.
{14:38} And Saul said: “Bring here every single leader of the people. And we shall know and see by whom this sin was committed this day.
{14:39} Vivit Dominus salvator Israel, quia si per Ionathan filium meum factum est, absque retractione morietur. Ad quod nullus contradixit ei de omni populo.
{14:39} As the Lord lives, who is the Savior of Israel, even if it were done by my son Jonathan, without retraction he shall die.” In this, no one among all the people contradicted him.
{14:40} Et ait ad universum Israel: Separamini vos in partem unam, et ego cum Ionatha filio meo ero in parte altera. Responditque populus ad Saul: Quod bonum videtur in oculis tuis, fac.
{14:40} And he said to all of Israel, “Separate yourselves on one side, and I, with my son Jonathan, will be on the other side.” And the people responded to Saul, “Do what seems good in your eyes.”
{14:41} Et dixit Saul ad Dominum Deum Israel: Domine Deus Israel da indicium: quid est quod non responderis servo tuo hodie? Si in me, aut in Ionatha filio meo est iniquitas hæc, da ostensionem: aut si hæc iniquitas est in populo tuo, da sanctitatem. Et deprehensus est Ionathas et Saul, populus autem exivit.
{14:41} And Saul said to the Lord, the God of Israel: “O Lord, God of Israel, grant a sign: Why is it that you will not respond to your servant this day? If this iniquity is in me, or in my son Jonathan, grant an indication. Or if this iniquity is in your people, grant a sanctification.” And Jonathan and Saul were discovered, but the people were released.
{14:42} Et ait Saul: Mittite sortem inter me, et inter Ionathan filium meum. Et captus est Ionathas.
{14:42} And Saul said, “Cast lots between myself and Jonathan, my son.” And Jonathan was caught.
{14:43} Dixit autem Saul ad Ionathan: Indica mihi quid feceris. Et indicavit ei Ionathas, et ait: Gustans gustavi in summitate virgæ, quæ erat in manu mea, paululum mellis, et ecce ego morior.
{14:43} Then Saul said to Jonathan, “Tell me what you have done.” And Jonathan revealed to him, and said: “Truly, I tasted a little honey with the top of the staff that was in my hand. And behold, I shall die.”
{14:44} Et ait Saul: Hæc faciat mihi Deus, et hæc addat, quia morte morieris Ionatha.
{14:44} And Saul said, “May God do these things to me, and may he add these other things, for you shall surely die, Jonathan!”
{14:45} Dixitque populus ad Saul: Ergone Ionathas morietur, qui fecit salutem hanc magnam in Israel? Hoc nefas est: vivit Dominus, si ceciderit capillus de capite eius in terram, quia cum Deo operatus est hodie. Liberavit ergo populus Ionathan, ut non moreretur.
{14:45} And the people said to Saul: “Why should Jonathan have to die, who has accomplished this great salvation in Israel? This is wrong. As the Lord lives, not one hair of his head should fall to the ground. For he has wrought with God this day.” Therefore, the people freed Jonathan, so that he would not die.
{14:46} Recessitque Saul, nec persecutus est Philisthiim: porro Philisthiim abierunt in loca sua.
{14:46} And Saul withdrew, and he did not pursue the Philistines. And the Philistines went away to their own places.
{14:47} Et Saul, confirmato regno super Israel, pugnabat per circuitum adversum omnes inimicos eius, contra Moab, et filios Ammon, et Edom, et reges Soba, et Philisthæos: et quocumque se verterat, superabat.
{14:47} And Saul, his kingdom having been confirmed over Israel, was fighting against all his enemies on all sides: against Moab, and the sons of Ammon, and Edom, and the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. And wherever he turned himself, he was successful.
{14:48} Congregatoque exercitu, percussit Amalec, et eruit Israel de manu vastatorum eius.
{14:48} And gathering together an army, he struck Amalek. And he rescued Israel from the hand of those who would lay waste to them.
{14:49} Fuerunt autem filii Saul, Ionathas et Iessui, et Melchisua: et nomina duarum filiarum eius, nomen primogenitæ Merob, et nomen minoris Michol.
{14:49} Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan, and Ishvi, and Malchishua. And as for the names of his two daughters: the name of the firstborn daughter was Merab, and the name of the younger one was Michal.
{14:50} Et nomen uxoris Saul, Achinoam filia Achimaas: et nomen principis militiæ eius Abner, filius Ner, patruelis Saul.
{14:50} And the name of the wife of Saul was Ahinoam, the daughter of Ahimaaz. And the name of the first ruler of his military was Abner, the son of Ner, the first cousin of Saul.
{14:51} Porro Cis fuit pater Saul, et Ner pater Abner, filius Abiel.
{14:51} For Kish was the father of Saul, and Ner was the father of Abner, and the son of Abiel.
~ Abiel was the father of Kish and Ner, his sons. Kish and Ner were brothers. Saul was the son of Kish, and Abner was the son of Ner, so Saul and Abner were first cousins.
{14:52} Erat autem bellum potens adversum Philisthæos omnibus diebus Saul. Nam quemcumque viderat Saul virum fortem, et aptum ad prælium, sociabat eum sibi.
{14:52} Now there was a powerful war against the Philistines during all the days of Saul. And so, whomever Saul had seen to be a strong man, and fit for battle, he joined him to himself.
{15:1} Et dixit Samuel ad Saul: Me misit Dominus, ut ungerem te in regem super populum eius Israel: nunc ergo audi vocem Domini:
{15:1} And Samuel said to Saul: “The Lord sent me, so that I would anoint you as king over his people Israel. Now therefore, listen to the voice of the Lord.
{15:2} Hæc dicit Dominus exercituum: Recensui quæcumque fecit Amalec Israeli: quomodo restitit ei in via cum ascenderet de Ægypto.
{15:2} ‘Thus says the Lord of hosts: I have taken account of all that Amalek has done to Israel, how he stood against him in the way, when he ascended from Egypt.
{15:3} Nunc ergo vade, et percute Amalec, et demolire universa eius: non parcas ei, et non concupiscas ex rebus ipsius aliquid: sed interfice a viro usque ad mulierem, et parvulum atque lactentem, bovem et ovem, camelum et asinum.
{15:3} Now therefore, go and strike Amalek, and demolish all that is his. You shall not spare him, and you shall not covet anything out of the things that are his. Instead, kill from man even to woman, and little ones as well as infants, ox and sheep, camel and donkey.’ ”
{15:4} Præcepit itaque Saul populo, et recensuit eos quasi agnos: ducenta millia peditum, et decem millia virorum Iuda.
{15:4} And so, Saul instructed the people, and he numbered them like lambs: two hundred thousand foot soldiers, and ten thousand men of Judah.
{15:5} Cumque venisset Saul usque ad civitatem Amalec, tetendit insidias in torrente.
{15:5} And when Saul had arrived as far as the city of Amalek, he placed ambushes at the torrent.
{15:6} Dixitque Saul Cinæo: Abite, recedite, atque descendite ab Amalec: ne forte involvam te cum eo. Tu enim fecisti misericordiam cum omnibus filiis Israel, cum ascenderent de Ægypto. Et recessit Cinæus de medio Amalec.
{15:6} And Saul said to the Kenite: “Go away, withdraw, and descend from Amalek. Otherwise, I will include you with him. For you showed mercy to all the sons of Israel, when they ascended from Egypt.” And so the Kenite withdrew from the midst of Amalek.
{15:7} Percussitque Saul Amalec ab Hevila, donec venias ad Sur, quæ est e regione Ægypti.
{15:7} And Saul struck down Amalek, from Havilah even until you arrive at Shur, which is opposite the region of Egypt.
{15:8} Et apprehendit Agag regem Amalec vivum: omne autem vulgus interfecit in ore gladii.
{15:8} And he apprehended Agag, the king of Amalek, alive. But all the common people he put to death with the edge of the sword.
{15:9} Et pepercit Saul, et populus Agag, et optimis gregibus ovium et armentorum, et vestibus et arietibus, et universis, quæ pulchra erant, nec voluerunt disperdere ea: quidquid vero vile fuit et reprobum, hoc demoliti sunt.
{15:9} And Saul and the people spared Agag, and the best of the flocks of sheep, and of the herds, and the garments, and the rams, and all that was beautiful, and they were not willing to destroy them. Yet truly, whatever was vile or worthless, these they demolished.
{15:10} Factum est autem verbum Domini ad Samuel, dicens:
{15:10} Then the word of the Lord came to Samuel, saying
{15:11} Pœnitet me quod constituerim Saul regem: quia dereliquit me, et verba mea opere non implevit. Contristatusque est Samuel, et clamavit ad Dominum tota nocte.
{15:11} “It displeases me that I have appointed Saul as king. For he has forsaken me, and he has not fulfilled the work of my words.” And Samuel was greatly saddened, and he cried out to the Lord, all night long
{15:12} Cumque de nocte surrexisset Samuel, ut iret ad Saul mane, nunciatum est Samueli, eo quod venisset Saul in Carmelum, et erexisset sibi fornicem triumphalem, et reversus transisset, descendissetque in Galgala. Venit ergo Samuel ad Saul, et Saul offerebat holocaustum Domino de initiis prædarum quæ attulerat ex Amalec.
{15:12} And when Samuel had risen while it was still dark, so that he might go to Saul in the morning, it was reported to Samuel that Saul had arrived at Carmel, and that he had erected for himself a triumphant arch. And, while returning, he had continued on and descended to Gilgal. Therefore, Samuel went to Saul. And Saul was offering a holocaust to the Lord, from the best of the spoils, which he had brought from Amalek.
{15:13} Et cum venisset Samuel ad Saul, dixit ei Saul: Benedictus tu Domino, implevi verbum Domini.
{15:13} And when Samuel had gone to Saul, Saul said to him: “You are the blessed of the Lord. I have fulfilled the word of the Lord.”
{15:14} Dixitque Samuel: Et quæ est hæc vox gregum, quæ resonat in auribus meis, et armentorum, quam ego audio?
{15:14} And Samuel said, “Then what is this voice of the flocks, which resounds in my ears, and of the herds, which I am hearing?”
{15:15} Et ait Saul: De Amalec adduxerunt ea: pepercit enim populus melioribus ovibus et armentis ut immolarentur Domino Deo tuo, reliqua vero occidimus.
{15:15} And Saul said: “They have brought these from Amalek. For the people spared the best of the sheep and of the herds, so that they might be immolated to the Lord your God. Yet truly, the remainder we have slain.”
{15:16} Ait autem Samuel ad Saul: Sine me, et indicabo tibi quæ locutus sit Dominus ad me nocte. Dixitque ei: Loquere.
{15:16} Then Samuel said to Saul, “Permit me, and I will reveal to you what the Lord has said to me this night.” And he said to him, “Speak.”
{15:17} Et ait Samuel: Nonne cum parvulus esses in oculis tuis, caput in tribubus Israel factus es? Unxitque te Dominus in regem super Israel.
{15:17} And Samuel said: “Was it not when you were little in your own eyes that you were made the head of the tribes of Israel? And the Lord anointed you as king over Israel.
{15:18} Et misit te Dominus in viam, et ait: Vade, et interfice peccatores Amalec, et pugnabis contra eos, usque ad internecionem eorum:
{15:18} And the Lord sent you on the way, and he said: ‘Go and put to death the sinners of Amalek. And you shall fight against them, even unto utter annihilation.’
{15:19} Quare ergo non audisti vocem Domini: sed versus ad prædam es, et fecisti malum in oculis Domini?
{15:19} Why then, did you not listen to the voice of the Lord? Instead, you turned to the spoils, and you did evil in the eyes of the Lord.”
{15:20} Et ait Saul ad Samuelem: Immo audivi vocem Domini, et ambulavi in via per quam misit me Dominus, et adduxi Agag regem Amalec, et Amalec interfeci.
{15:20} And Saul said to Samuel: “On the contrary, I did listen to the voice of the Lord, and I walked in the way along which the Lord sent me, and I led back Agag, the king of Amalek, and I put to death Amalek.
{15:21} Tulit autem de præda populus oves et boves, primitias eorum quæ cæsa sunt, ut immolet Domino Deo suo in Galgalis.
{15:21} But the people took some of the spoils, sheep and oxen, as the first-fruits of those things that were slain, to immolate to the Lord their God at Gilgal.”
{15:22} Et ait Samuel: Numquid vult Dominus holocausta et victimas, et non potius ut obediatur voci Domini? Melior est enim obedientia quam victimæ: et auscultare magis quam offerre adipem arietum.
{15:22} And Samuel said: “Does the Lord want holocausts and victims, and not instead that the voice of the Lord should be obeyed? For obedience is better than sacrifice. And to heed is greater than to offer the fat of rams.
{15:23} Quoniam quasi peccatum ariolandi est, repugnare: et quasi scelus idololatriæ, nole acquiescere. Pro eo ergo quod abiecisti sermonem Domini, abiecit te Dominus ne sis rex.
{15:23} Therefore, it is like the sin of paganism to rebel. And it is like the crime of idolatry to refuse to obey. For this reason, therefore, because you have rejected the word of the Lord, the Lord has also rejected you from being king.”
{15:24} Dixitque Saul ad Samuelem: Peccavi, quia prævaricatus sum sermonem Domini, et verba tua, timens populum, et obediens voci eorum.
{15:24} And Saul said to Samuel: “I have sinned, for I have transgressed the word of the Lord, and your words, by fearing the people and obeying their voice.
{15:25} Sed nunc porta, quæso, peccatum meum, et revertere mecum, ut adorem Dominum.
{15:25} But now, I beg you, to bear my sin, and to return with me, so that I may adore the Lord.”
{15:26} Et ait Samuel ad Saul: Non revertar tecum, quia proiecisti sermonem Domini, et proiecit te Dominus ne sis rex super Israel.
{15:26} And Samuel said to Saul: “I will not return with you. For you have rejected the word of the Lord, and the Lord has rejected you from being king over Israel.”
{15:27} Et conversus est Samuel ut abiret: ille autem apprehendit summitatem pallii eius, quæ et scissa est.
{15:27} And Samuel turned away, so that he might depart. But Saul took hold of the edge of his cloak, and it tore.
{15:28} Et ait ad eum Samuel: Scidit Dominus regnum Israel a te hodie, et tradidit illud proximo tuo meliori te.
{15:28} And Samuel said to him: “The Lord has torn the kingdom of Israel away from you this day. And he has delivered it to your neighbor, who is better than you are.
{15:29} Porro Triumphator in Israel non parcet, et pœnitudine non flectetur: neque enim homo est ut agat pœnitentiam.
{15:29} Moreover, the One who triumphs within Israel will not spare, and he will not be moved to repentance. For he is not a man, that he should repent.”
{15:30} At ille ait: Peccavi: sed nunc honora me coram senioribus populi mei, et coram Israel, et revertere mecum, ut adorem Dominum Deum tuum.
{15:30} Then he said: “I have sinned. But now, honor me before the elders of my people, and before Israel, and return with me, so that I may adore the Lord your God.”
{15:31} Reversus ergo Samuel secutus est Saulem: et adoravit Saul Dominum.
{15:31} Therefore, Samuel turned again after Saul. And Saul adored the Lord.
{15:32} Dixitque Samuel: Adducite ad me Agag regem Amalec. Et oblatus est ei Agag pinguissimus, et tremens. Et dixit Agag: Siccine separat amara mors?
{15:32} And Samuel said, “Bring near to me Agag, the king of Amalek.” And Agag, very fat and trembling, was presented to him. And Agag said, “Does bitter death separate in this manner?”
{15:33} Et ait Samuel: Sicut fecit absque liberis mulieres gladius tuus, sic absque liberis erit inter mulieres mater tua. Et in frustra concidit eum Samuel coram Domino in Galgalis.
{15:33} And Samuel said, “Just as your sword caused women to be without their children, so will your mother be without her children among women.” And Samuel cut him into pieces, before the Lord at Gilgal.
{15:34} Abiit autem Samuel in Ramatha: Saul vero ascendit in domum suam in Gabaa.
{15:34} Then Samuel went away to Ramah. But Saul ascended to his house at Gibeah.
{15:35} Et non vidit Samuel ultra Saul usque ad diem mortis suæ: verumtamen lugebat Samuel Saulem, quoniam Dominum pœnitebat quod constituisset eum regem super Israel.
{15:35} And Samuel did not see Saul any more, until the day of his death. Yet truly, Samuel mourned for Saul, because the Lord regretted that he had appointed him as king over Israel.
{16:1} Dixitque Dominus ad Samuelem: Usquequo tu luges Saul, cum ego proiecerim eum ne regnet super Israel? Imple cornu tuum oleo, et veni, ut mittam te ad Isai Bethlehemitem: providi enim in filiis eius mihi regem.
{16:1} And the Lord said to Samuel: “How long will you mourn for Saul, though I have rejected him, so that he would not reign over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and approach, so that I may send you to Jesse of Bethlehem. For I have provided a king from among his sons for myself.”
{16:2} Et ait Samuel: Quo modo vadam? Audiet enim Saul, et interficiet me. Et ait Dominus: Vitulum de armento tolles in manu tua, et dices: Ad immolandum Domino veni.
{16:2} And Samuel said: “How shall I go? For Saul will hear of it, and he will put me to death.” And the Lord said: “You shall take, by your hand, a calf from the herd. And you shall say, ‘I have arrived in order to immolate to the Lord.’
~ This is an example of the moral use of mental reservation. Samuel fears death, so he states that he is going to offer sacrifice (truth), but he omits that he is also going to anoint a king (another truth).
{16:3} Et vocabis Isai ad victimam, et ego ostendam tibi quid facias, et unges quemcumque monstravero tibi.
{16:3} And you shall call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will reveal to you what you should do. And you shall anoint whomever I will indicate to you.”
{16:4} Fecit ergo Samuel, sicut locutus est ei Dominus. Venitque in Bethlehem, et admirati sunt seniores civitatis, occurrentes ei, dixeruntque: Pacificusne est ingressus tuus?
{16:4} Therefore, Samuel did just as the Lord told him. And he went to Bethlehem, and the elders of the city wondered. And meeting him, they said, “Is your arrival peaceful?”
{16:5} Et ait: Pacificus: ad immolandum Domino veni, sanctificamini, et venite mecum ut immolem. Sanctificavit ergo Isai et filios eius, et vocavit eos ad sacrificium.
{16:5} And he said: “It is peaceful. I have arrived in order to immolate to the Lord. Be sanctified, and come with me to the sacrifice.” Then he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and he called them to the sacrifice.
{16:6} Cumque ingressi essent, vidit Eliab, et ait: Num coram Domino est Christus eius?
{16:6} And when they had entered, he saw Eliab, and he said, “Could he be the Christ in the sight of the Lord?”
~ David is called Christ, meaning the Anointed one, in the sight of the Lord, because he was anointed by the Lord as leader of Israel, but more importantly, because he was anointed to be a figure of the one true Christ.
{16:7} Et dixit Dominus ad Samuelem: Ne respicias vultum eius, neque altitudinem staturæ eius: quoniam abieci eum, nec iuxta intuitum hominis ego iudico: homo enim videt ea quæ parent, Dominus autem intuetur cor.
{16:7} And the Lord said to Samuel: “You should not look with favor on his face, nor on the height of his stature. For I have rejected him. Neither do I judge by the appearance of a man. For man sees those things that are apparent, but the Lord beholds the heart.”
{16:8} Et vocavit Isai Abinadab, et adduxit eum coram Samuele. Qui dixit: Nec hunc elegit Dominus.
{16:8} And Jesse called Abinadab, and he brought him before Samuel. And he said, “Neither has the Lord chosen this one.”
{16:9} Adduxit autem Isai Samma, de quo ait: Etiam hunc non elegit Dominus.
{16:9} Then Jesse brought Shammah. And he said about him, “And the Lord has not chosen this one.”
{16:10} Adduxit itaque Isai septem filios suos coram Samuele: et ait Samuel ad Isai: Non elegit Dominus ex istis.
{16:10} And so Jesse brought his seven sons before Samuel. And Samuel said to Jesse, “The Lord has not chosen any of these.”
{16:11} Dixitque Samuel ad Isai: Numquid iam completi sunt filii? Qui respondit: Adhuc reliquus est parvulus, et pascit oves. Et ait Samuel ad Isai: Mitte, et adduc eum: nec enim discumbemus priusquam huc ille veniat.
{16:11} And Samuel said to Jesse, “Could the sons now be completed?” But he responded, “There still remains a little one, and he pastures the sheep.” And Samuel said to Jesse: “Send and bring him. For we shall not recline to eat, until he arrives here.”
{16:12} Misit ergo, et adduxit eum. Erat autem rufus, et pulcher aspectu, decoraque facie. Et ait Dominus: Surge, unge eum, ipse est enim.
{16:12} Therefore, he sent and brought him. Now he was ruddy, and beautiful to behold, and with a stately face. And the Lord said, “Rise up, anoint him! For it is he.”
{16:13} Tulit ergo Samuel cornu olei, et unxit eum in medio fratrum eius: et directus est Spiritus Domini a die illa in David, et deinceps: surgensque Samuel abiit in Ramatha.
{16:13} Therefore, Samuel took the horn of oil, and he anointed him in the midst of his brothers. And the Spirit of the Lord was guiding David from that day and thereafter. And Samuel rose up, and he went away to Ramah.
{16:14} Spiritus autem Domini recessit a Saul, et exagitabat eum spiritus nequam, a Domino.
{16:14} But the Spirit of the Lord withdrew from Saul, and a wicked spirit from the Lord disturbed him.
~ Even the acts of fallen angels are under the Providence of God. Though fallen angels do not obey God, yet their acts are permitted by Him and become a part of His plan.
{16:15} Dixeruntque servi Saul ad eum: Ecce spiritus Dei malus exagitat te.
{16:15} And the servants of Saul said to him: “Behold, an evil spirit from God disturbs you.
{16:16} Iubeat dominus noster, et servi tui, qui coram te sunt, quærent hominem scientem psallere cithara, ut quando arripuerit te spiritus Domini malus, psallat manu sua, et levius feras.
{16:16} May our lord order, and your servants, who are before you, will seek a man skillful in playing a stringed instrument, so that when the evil spirit from the Lord assails you, he may play with his hand, and you may bear it more easily.”
{16:17} Et ait Saul ad servos suos: Providete ergo mihi aliquem bene psallentem, et adducite eum ad me.
{16:17} And Saul said to his servants, “Then provide for me someone who can play well, and bring him to me.”
{16:18} Et respondens unus de pueris, ait: Ecce vidi filium Isai Bethlehemitem scientem psallere, et fortissimum robore, et virum bellicosum, et prudentem in verbis, et virum pulchrum: et Dominus est cum eo.
{16:18} And one of the servants, responding, said: “Behold, I have seen the son of Jesse of Bethlehem, a skillful player, and very strong and robust, a man fit for war, and prudent in words, a handsome man. And the Lord is with him.”
{16:19} Misit ergo Saul nuncios ad Isai, dicens: Mitte ad me David filium tuum, qui est in pascuis.
{16:19} Therefore, Saul sent messengers to Jesse, saying, “Send to me your son David, who is in the pastures.”
{16:20} Tulit itaque Isai asinum plenum panibus, et lagenam vini, et hœdum de capris unum, et misit per manum David filii sui Sauli.
{16:20} And so, Jesse took a donkey laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid from one of the goats, and he sent them, by the hand of his son David, to Saul.
{16:21} Et venit David ad Saul, et stetit coram eo: at ille dilexit eum nimis, et factus est eius armiger.
{16:21} And David went to Saul, and stood before him. And he loved him exceedingly, and he made him his armor bearer.
{16:22} Misitque Saul ad Isai, dicens: Stet David in conspectu meo: invenit enim gratiam in oculis meis.
{16:22} And Saul sent to Jesse, saying: “Let David remain before my sight. For he has found favor in my eyes.”
{16:23} Igitur quandocumque spiritus Domini malus arripiebat Saul, David tollebat citharam, et percutiebat manu sua, et refocillabatur Saul, et levius habebat. Recedebat enim ab eo spiritus malus.
{16:23} And so, whenever the evil spirit from the Lord assailed Saul, David took up his stringed instrument, and he struck it with his hand, and Saul was refreshed and uplifted. For the evil spirit withdrew from him.
~ The Psalms of David have this same effect, even when not sung.
{17:1} Congregantes autem Philisthiim agmina sua in prælium, convenerunt in Socho Iudæ: et castrametati sunt inter Socho et Azeca in finibus Dommim.
{17:1} Now the Philistines, gathering their troops for battle, assembled at Socoh of Judah. And they made camp between Socoh and Azekah, within the borders of Dammim.
{17:2} Porro Saul et filii Israel congregati venerunt in Vallem Terebinthi, et direxerunt aciem ad pugnandum contra Philisthiim.
{17:2} But Saul and the sons of Israel, having gathered together, went to the Valley of Terebinth. And they positioned the army so as to fight against the Philistines.
{17:3} Et Philisthiim stabant super montem ex parte hac, et Israel stabat supra montem ex altera parte: vallisque erat inter eos.
{17:3} And the Philistines were standing on a mountain on the one side, and Israel was standing on a mountain on the other side. And there was a valley between them.
{17:4} Et egressus est vir spurius de castris Philisthinorum nomine Goliath, de Geth, altitudinis sex cubitorum et palmi:
{17:4} And there went out from the camp of the Philistines, a man of illegitimate birth, named Goliath of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a palm.
~ His height is stated in a figurative number, meaning that he was tall (six cubits is a large number for height), but he was not a good man (seven symbolizes good, whereas six symbolizes evil, as a privation of what is good). The addition of the width of a palm to each cubit makes the ordinary cubit into a royal cubit, indicating that this man has power like a king; yet it is said of him that he is of illegitimate birth, so he does not deserve to have the power of a king. So Goliath is a figure of the Antichrist. His armor bearer is a figure of the false prophet (a woman) who assists the Antichrist.
~ On the length of the royal cubit, Ezekiel chapter 43, verse 13 tells us “Now these are the measures of the altar by the most true cubit, which has a cubit and a palm.”
{17:5} et cassis ærea super caput eius, et lorica squamata induebatur. Porro pondus loricæ eius, quinque millia siclorum æris erat:
{17:5} And he had a helmet of brass upon his head, and he was clothed with a breastplate of scales. Moreover, the weight of his breastplate was five thousand shekels of brass.
{17:6} et ocreas æreas habebat in cruribus: et clypeus æreus tegebat humeros eius.
{17:6} And he had plates of brass on his lower legs, and a small shield of brass was covering his shoulders.
{17:7} Hastile autem hastæ eius erat quasi liciatorium texentium. Ipsum autem ferrum hastæ eius sexcentos siclos habebat ferri: et armiger eius antecedebat eum.
{17:7} Now the shaft of his spear was like the beam used by a weaver. And the iron of his spear held six hundred shekels of iron. And his armor bearer went before him.
{17:8} Stansque clamabat adversum phalangas Israel, et dicebat eis: Quare venistis parati ad prælium? Numquid ego non sum Philisthæus, et vos servi Saul? Eligite ex vobis virum, et descendat ad singulare certamen.
{17:8} And standing still, he cried out to the battle lines of Israel, and he said to them: “Why have you arrived, prepared for battle? Am I not a Philistine, and are you not the servants of Saul? Choose one man from among you, and let him descend to do battle alone.
{17:9} Si quiverit pugnare mecum, et percusserit me, erimus vobis servi: si autem ego prævaluero, et percussero eum, vos servi eritis, et servietis nobis.
{17:9} If he is able to fight with me and to strike me down, we will be your servants. But if I will prevail over him, and strike him down, you will be the servants, and you will serve us.”
{17:10} Et aiebat Philisthæus: Ego exprobravi agminibus Israel hodie: Date mihi virum, et ineat mecum singulare certamen.
{17:10} And the Philistine was saying: “I have reproached the troops of Israel today. Present a man to me, and let him undertake a fight against me alone.”
{17:11} Audiens autem Saul, et omnes Israelitæ sermones Philisthæi huiuscemodi, stupebant, et metuebant nimis.
{17:11} And Saul and all the Israelites, hearing these words of the Philistine in this manner, were stupefied and exceedingly afraid.
{17:12} David autem erat filius viri Ephrathæi, de quo supra dictum est, de Bethlehem Iuda, cui nomen erat Isai, qui habebat octo filios, et erat vir in diebus Saul senex, et grandævus inter viros.
{17:12} Now David was the son of an Ephrathite man, the one mentioned above, from Bethlehem of Judah, whose name was Jesse. He had eight sons, and during the days of Saul, he was an elderly man, and of great age among men.
{17:13} Abierunt autem tres filii eius maiores post Saul in prælium: et nomina trium filiorum eius, qui perrexerunt ad bellum, Eliab primogenitus, et secundus Abinadab, tertiusque Samma.
{17:13} Now his three eldest sons followed Saul into battle. And the names of his three sons, who went to the battle, were Eliab, the firstborn, and the second, Abinadab, and the third Shammah.
{17:14} David autem erat minimus. Tribus ergo maioribus secutis Saulem,
{17:14} But David was the youngest. Therefore, when the three eldest had followed Saul,
{17:15} abiit David, et reversus est a Saul, ut pasceret gregem patris sui in Bethlehem.
{17:15} David went away from Saul, and he returned, so that he might pasture the flock of his father at Bethlehem.
{17:16} Procedebat vero Philisthæus mane et vespere, et stabat quadraginta diebus.
{17:16} Truly, the Philistine advanced morning and evening, and he stood forth, for forty days.
{17:17} Dixit autem Isai ad David filium suum: Accipe fratribus tuis ephi polentæ, et decem panes istos, et curre in castra ad fratres tuos,
{17:17} Now Jesse said to his son David: “Take, for your brothers, an ephah of cooked grain, and these ten loaves, and hurry to the camp, to your brothers.
{17:18} et decem formellas casei has deferes ad tribunum: et fratres tuos visitabis, si recte agant: et cum quibus ordinati sunt, disce.
{17:18} And you shall carry these ten little cheeses to the tribune. And visit your brothers, to see if they are doing well. And learn with whom they have been stationed.”
{17:19} Saul autem, et illi, et omnes filii Israel, in Valle terebinthi pugnabant adversum Philisthiim.
{17:19} But they were in the valley of Terebinth, with Saul and all the sons of Israel, fighting against the Philistines.
{17:20} Surrexit itaque David mane, et commendavit gregem custodi: et onustus abiit, sicut præceperat ei Isai. Et venit ad locum Magala, et ad exercitum, qui egressus ad pugnam vociferatus erat in certamine.
{17:20} And so, David rose up in the morning, and he commended the flock to the caretaker. And he went away burdened, just as Jesse had instructed him. And he went to the place of the battle line, and to the army, which, in going out to fight, was shouting in the conflict.
{17:21} Direxerat enim aciem Israel, sed et Philisthiim ex adverso fuerant præparati.
{17:21} For Israel had positioned their troops, but the Philistines also had prepared themselves against them.
{17:22} Derelinquens ergo David vasa, quæ attulerat, sub manu custodis ad sarcinas, cucurrit ad locum certaminis, et interrogabat si omnia recte agerentur erga fratres suos.
{17:22} Then, leaving the items that he had brought under the hand of the keeper of baggage, David ran to the place of the conflict. And he was asking if all was going well with his brothers.
{17:23} Cumque adhuc ille loqueretur eis, apparuit vir ille spurius ascendens, Goliath nomine, Philisthæus, de Geth, de castris Philisthinorum: et loquente eo hæc eadem verba audivit David.
{17:23} And while he was still speaking with them, there appeared the man of spurious descent, whose name was Goliath, the Philistine of Gath, ascending from the camp of the Philistines. And he was speaking in these same words, which David heard.
~ Goliath is a figure of the Antichrist, whose claims about his birth are false (false claim that his mother, a woman religious, gave birth as a virgin), and whose claimed ancestry is spurious.
{17:24} Omnes autem Israelitæ, cum vidissent virum, fugerunt a facie eius, timentes eum valde.
{17:24} Then all the Israelites, when they had seen the man, fled from his face, fearing him greatly.
{17:25} Et dixit unus quispiam de Israel: Num vidistis virum hunc, qui ascendit? Ad exprobrandum enim Israeli ascendit. Virum ergo, qui percusserit eum, ditabit rex divitiis magnis, et filiam suam dabit ei, et domum patris eius faciet absque tributo in Israel.
{17:25} And someone of Israel said: “Have you seen this man, who has risen up. For he ascended in order to reproach Israel. Therefore, the man who will strike him down, the king will enrich with great wealth, and will give to him his daughter, and will cause his father’s house to be free of tribute in Israel.”
{17:26} Et ait David ad viros, qui stabant secum, dicens: Quid dabitur viro, qui percusserit Philisthæum hunc, et tulerit opprobrium de Israel? Quis enim est hic Philisthæus incircumcisus, qui exprobravit acies Dei viventis?
{17:26} And David spoke to the men who were standing with him, saying: “What will be given to the man who will have struck down this Philistine, and who will have taken away the disgrace from Israel? For who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should reproach the soldiers of the living God?”
{17:27} Referebat autem ei populus eumdem sermonem, dicens: Hæc dabuntur viro, qui percusserit eum.
{17:27} Then the people repeated to him the same words, saying, “These things shall be given to the man who will have struck him down.”
{17:28} Quod cum audisset Eliab frater eius maior, loquente eo cum aliis, iratus est contra David, et ait: Quare venisti, et quare dereliquisti pauculas oves illas in deserto? Ego novi superbiam tuam, et nequitiam cordis tui: quia ut videres prælium, descendisti.
{17:28} Now when Eliab, his eldest brother, had heard this, as he was speaking with the others, he became angry against David, and he said: “Why did you come here? And why did you leave behind those few sheep in the wilderness? I know your pride and the wickedness of your heart, that you have come down so that you might see the battle.”
{17:29} Et dixit David: Quid feci? Numquid non verbum est?
{17:29} And David said: “What have I done? Is there any word against me?”
{17:30} Et declinavit paululum ab eo ad alium: dixitque eundem sermonem. Et respondit ei populus verbum sicut prius.
{17:30} And he turned away from him a little, toward another. And he asked the same question. And the people responded to him as before.
{17:31} Audita sunt autem verba, quæ locutus est David, et annunciata in conspectu Saul.
{17:31} Now the words that David had spoken were heard and reported in the sight of Saul.
{17:32} Ad quem cum fuisset adductus, locutus est ei: Non concidat cor cuiusquam in eo: ego servus tuus vadam, et pugnabo adversus Philisthæum.
{17:32} When he had been led to Saul, he said to him: “Let no one lose heart over him. I, your servant, shall go and fight against the Philistine.”
{17:33} Et ait Saul ad David: Non vales resistere Philisthæo isti, nec pugnare adversus eum: quia puer es, hic autem vir bellator est ab adolescentia sua.
{17:33} And Saul said to David: “You are not able to withstand this Philistine, nor to fight against him. For you are a boy, but he has been a warrior from his boyhood.”
{17:34} Dixitque David ad Saul: Pascebat servus tuus patris sui gregem, et veniebat leo, vel ursus, et tollebat arietem de medio gregis:
{17:34} And David said to Saul: “Your servant was pasturing the flock of his father. And there approached a lion or a bear, and it took a ram from the midst of the flock.
{17:35} et persequebar eos, et percutiebam, eruebamque de ore eorum: et illi consurgebant adversum me, et apprehendebam mentum eorum, et suffocabam, interficiebamque eos.
{17:35} And I pursued after them, and I struck them, and I rescued from their mouth. And they rose up against me. And I caught them by the throat, and I strangled and killed them.
{17:36} Nam et leonem, et ursum interfeci ego servus tuus: erit igitur et Philisthæus hic incircumcisus, quasi unus ex eis. Nunc vadam, et auferam opprobrium populi: quoniam quis est iste Philisthæus incircumcisus, qui ausus est maledicere exercitui Dei viventis?
{17:36} For I, your servant, have killed both lion and bear. And so this uncircumcised Philistine, too, will be like one of them. Now I will go and take away the reproach of the people. For who is this uncircumcised Philistine, who has dared to curse the army of the living God?”
{17:37} Et ait David: Dominus qui eripuit me de manu leonis, et de manu ursi, ipse me liberabit de manu Philisthæi huius. Dixit autem Saul ad David: Vade, et Dominus tecum sit.
{17:37} And David said, “The Lord who rescued me from the hand of the lion, and from the hand of the bear, he himself will free me from the hand of this Philistine.” Then Saul said to David, “Go, and may the Lord be with you.”
{17:38} Et induit Saul David vestimentis suis, et imposuit galeam æream super caput eius, et vestivit eum lorica.
{17:38} And Saul clothed David with his garments. And he placed a helmet of brass upon his head, and he clothed him with a breastplate.
{17:39} Accinctus ergo David gladio eius super vestem suam, cœpit tentare si armatus posset incedere: non enim habebat consuetudinem. Dixitque David ad Saul: Non possum sic incedere, quia non usum habeo. Et deposuit ea,
{17:39} Then David, having girded his sword over his armor, began to see if he could walk in the armor. But he was not accustomed to it. And David said to Saul: “I cannot move about in this way. For I am not used to it.” And he put them aside.
{17:40} et tulit baculum suum, quem semper habebat in manibus: et elegit sibi quinque limpidissimos lapides de torrente, et misit eos in peram pastoralem, quam habebat secum, et fundam manu tulit: et processit adversum Philisthæum.
{17:40} And he took up his staff, which he held always in his hands. And he chose for himself five very smooth stones from the torrent. And he put them into the shepherd’s bag that he had with him. And he took up a sling in his hand. And he went out against the Philistine.
{17:41} Ibat autem Philisthæus incedens, et appropinquans adversum David, et armiger eius ante eum.
{17:41} And the Philistine, advancing, went and drew near against David. And his armor bearer was before him.
{17:42} Cumque inspexisset Philisthæus, et vidisset David, despexit eum. Erat enim adolescens: rufus, et pulcher aspectu.
{17:42} And when the Philistine had seen and considered David, he despised him. For he was a youth, ruddy and of handsome appearance.
{17:43} Et dixit Philisthæus ad David: Numquid ego canis sum, quod tu venis ad me cum baculo? Et maledixit Philisthæus David in diis suis:
{17:43} And the Philistine said to David, “Am I a dog, that you approach against me with a staff?” And the Philistine cursed David by his gods.
{17:44} dixitque ad David: Veni ad me, et dabo carnes tuas volatilibus cæli et bestiis terræ.
{17:44} And he said to David, “Come to me, and I will give your flesh to the birds of the air, and to the beasts of the earth.”
{17:45} Dixit autem David ad Philisthæum: Tu venis ad me cum gladio, et hasta, et clypeo: ego autem venio ad te in nomine Domini exercituum, Dei agminum Israel, quibus exprobrasti:
{17:45} But David said to the Philistine: “You approach me with sword, and spear, and shield. But I come to you in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, which you have reproached.
{17:46} hodie, et dabit te Dominus in manu mea, et percutiam te, et auferam caput tuum a te: et dabo cadavera castrorum Philisthiim hodie volatilibus cæli, et bestiis terræ: ut sciat omnis terra quia est Deus in Israel.
{17:46} Today, the Lord will deliver you into my hand, and I will strike you down. And I will take your head from you. And today, I will give the carcasses of the camp of the Philistines to the birds of the air, and to the beasts of the earth, so that all the earth may know that God is with Israel.
{17:47} Et noverit universa ecclesia hæc, quia non in gladio, nec in hasta salvat Dominus: ipsius enim est bellum, et tradet vos in manus nostras.
{17:47} And this entire assembly will know that the Lord does not save by sword, nor by spear. For this is his war, and he will deliver you into our hands.”
{17:48} Cum ergo surrexisset Philisthæus, et veniret, et appropinquaret contra David, festinavit David, et cucurrit ad pugnam ex adverso Philisthæi.
{17:48} Then, when the Philistine had risen up, and was approaching, and was drawing near against David, David hurried and ran to the fight against the Philistine.
{17:49} Et misit manum suam in peram, tulitque unum lapidem, et funda iecit, et circumducens percussit Philisthæum in fronte: et infixus est lapis in fronte eius, et cecidit in faciem suam super terram.
{17:49} And he put his hand into his bag, and took out one stone. And swinging it around, he cast it with the sling and struck the Philistine on the forehead. And the stone became imbedded in his forehead. And he fell on his face, upon the ground.
{17:50} Prævaluitque David adversum Philisthæum in funda et lapide, percussumque Philisthæum interfecit. Cumque gladium non haberet in manu David,
{17:50} And David prevailed against the Philistine with a sling and a stone. And he struck and killed the Philistine. But since David held no sword in his hand,
{17:51} cucurrit, et stetit super Philisthæum, et tulit gladium eius, et eduxit eum de vagina sua: et interfecit eum, præciditque caput eius. Videntes autem Philisthiim, quod mortuus esset fortissimus eorum, fugerunt.
{17:51} he ran and stood over the Philistine, and he took his sword, and withdrew it from the sheath. And he killed him and cut off his head. Then the Philistines, seeing that their strongest man was dead, fled away.
{17:52} Et consurgentes viri Israel et Iuda vociferati sunt, et persecuti sunt Philisthæos usque dum venirent in vallem, et usque ad portas Accaron, cecideruntque vulnerati de Philisthiim in via Saraim, et usque ad Geth, et usque ad Accaron.
{17:52} And the men of Israel and Judah, rising up, shouted and pursued after the Philistines, even until they arrived at the valley and as far as the gates of Ekron. And many wounded among the Philistines fell on the way of Shaaraim, and as far as Gath, and as far as Ekron.
{17:53} Et revertentes filii Israel postquam persecuti fuerant Philisthæos, invaserunt castra eorum.
{17:53} And the sons of Israel, returning after they had pursued the Philistines, invaded their camp.
{17:54} Assumens autem David caput Philisthæi, attulit illud in Ierusalem: arma vero eius posuit in tabernaculo suo.
{17:54} Then David, taking up the head of the Philistine, brought it to Jerusalem. Yet truly, he placed his armor in his own tent.
{17:55} Eo autem tempore, quo viderat Saul David egredientem contra Philisthæum, ait ad Abner principem militiæ: De qua stirpe descendit hic adolescens, Abner? Dixitque Abner: Vivit anima tua, rex, si novi.
{17:55} Now at the time that Saul had seen David going out against the Philistines, he said to Abner, the leader of the military, “From what stock is this youth descended, Abner?” And Abner said, “As your soul lives, O king, I do not know.”
{17:56} Et ait rex: Interroga tu, cuius filius sit iste puer.
{17:56} And the king said, “You shall inquire as to whose son this boy may be.”
{17:57} Cumque regressus esset David, percusso Philisthæo, tulit eum Abner, et introduxit coram Saule, caput Philisthæi habentem in manu.
{17:57} And when David had returned, after the Philistine had been struck down, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul, having the head of the Philistine in his hand.
{17:58} Et ait ad eum Saul: De qua progenie es, o adolescens? Dixitque David: Filius servi tui Isai Bethlehemitæ ego sum.
{17:58} And Saul said to him, “Young man, from what ancestry are you?” And David said, “I am the son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem.”
~ Saul did not know about David’s ancestry because he was not part of the discussions of the previous verses, when David was chosen to play a stringed instrument by a servant who spoke about him and his father, Jesse.
{18:1} Et factum est cum complesset loqui ad Saul: anima Ionathæ conglutinata est animæ David, et dilexit eum Ionathas quasi animam suam.
{18:1} And it happened that, when he had completed speaking to Saul, the soul of Jonathan adhered to the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him like his own soul.
{18:2} Tulitque eum Saul in die illa, et non concessit ei ut reverteretur in domum patris sui.
{18:2} And Saul took him that day, and would not permit him to return to his father’s house.
{18:3} Inierunt autem David et Ionathas fœdus: diligebat enim eum quasi animam suam.
{18:3} Then David and Jonathan formed a pact. For he loved him like his own soul.
{18:4} Nam expoliavit se Ionathas tunica, qua erat indutus, et dedit eam David, et reliqua vestimenta sua usque ad gladium et arcum suum, et usque ad balteum.
{18:4} And Jonathan took off the coat that he was wearing, and he gave it to David, with the rest of his garments, even to his sword and bow, and even his belt.
{18:5} Egrediebatur quoque David ad omnia quæcumque misisset eum Saul, et prudenter se agebat: posuitque eum Saul super viros belli, et acceptus erat in oculis universi populi, maximeque in conspectu famulorum Saul.
{18:5} Also, David went out to do everything whatsoever that Saul sent him to do, and he conducted himself prudently. And Saul set him over men of war. And he was acceptable in the eyes of the entire people, and most of all in the sight of the servants of Saul.
{18:6} Porro cum reverteretur percusso Philisthæo David, egressæ sunt mulieres de universis urbibus Israel, cantantes, chorosque ducentes in occursum Saul regis, in tympanis lætitiæ, et in sistris.
{18:6} Now when David returned, after he had struck down the Philistine, the women went out, from all the cities of Israel, leading the singing and dancing, rejoicing with timbrels and bells, so as to meet king Saul.
{18:7} Et præcinebant mulieres ludentes, atque dicentes: Percussit Saul mille, et David decem millia.
{18:7} And the women sang, as they played, saying, “Saul has struck down a thousand, and David ten thousand.”
{18:8} Iratus est autem Saul nimis, et displicuit in oculis eius sermo iste: dixitque: Dederunt David decem millia, et mihi mille dederunt: quid ei superest, nisi solum regnum?
{18:8} Then Saul became exceedingly angry, and this word was displeasing in his eyes. And he said: “They have given David ten thousand, and to me they gave only one thousand. What is left for him, except the kingdom itself?”
{18:9} Non rectis ergo oculis Saul aspiciebat David a die illa, et deinceps.
{18:9} Therefore, Saul did not regard David with a good eye, from that day and thereafter.
{18:10} Post diem autem alteram, invasit spiritus Dei malus Saul, et prophetabat in medio domus suæ: David autem psallebat manu sua, sicut per singulos dies. Tenebatque Saul lanceam,
{18:10} Then, on the next day, the evil spirit from God assailed Saul, and he prophesied in the midst of his house. And David played with his hand, just as at every other time. And Saul held a lance in his hand.
~ Some prophesy is false prophesy, from fallen angels.
{18:11} et misit eam, putans quod configere posset David cum pariete: et declinavit David a facie eius secundo.
{18:11} And he threw it, thinking that he would be able to fix David to the wall. And David stepped aside twice, from before his face.
{18:12} Et timuit Saul David, eo quod Dominus esset cum eo, et a se recessisset.
{18:12} And Saul feared David, because the Lord was with him, but he had withdrawn from Saul.
{18:13} Amovit ergo eum Saul a se, et fecit eum tribunum super mille viros: et egrediebatur, et intrabat in conspectu populi.
{18:13} Therefore, Saul sent him away from himself, and he made him tribune over one thousand men. And he entered and departed in the sight of the people.
{18:14} In omnibus quoque viis suis David prudenter agebat, et Dominus erat cum eo.
{18:14} Also, David acted prudently in all his ways, and the Lord was with him.
{18:15} Vidit itaque Saul quod prudens esset nimis, et cœpit cavere eum.
{18:15} And so, Saul saw that he was exceedingly prudent, and he began to be wary of him.
{18:16} Omnis autem Israel et Iuda diligebat David: ipse enim ingrediebatur et egrediebatur ante eos.
{18:16} But all of Israel and Judah loved David. For he entered and departed before them.
{18:17} Dixitque Saul ad David: Ecce filia mea maior Merob, ipsam dabo tibi uxorem: tantummodo esto vir fortis, et præliare bella Domini. Saul autem reputabat, dicens: Non sit manus mea in eum, sed sit super eum manus Philisthinorum.
{18:17} And Saul said to David: “Behold, my elder daughter, Merab. I will give her to you as wife. Only be a valiant man, and fight the wars of the Lord.” Now Saul was considering within himself, saying, “Let not my hand be upon him, but let the hands of the Philistines be upon him.”
{18:18} Ait autem David ad Saul: Quis ego sum, aut quæ est vita mea, aut cognatio patris mei in Israel, ut fiam gener regis?
{18:18} Then David said to Saul, “Who am I, and what is my life, and what is my father’s kinship within Israel, that I should be the son-in-law of the king?”
{18:19} Factum est autem tempus cum deberet dari Merob filia Saul David, data est Hadrieli Molathitæ uxor.
{18:19} Then it happened that, at the time when Merab, the daughter of Saul, was to be given to David, she was given to Adriel, the Meholathite, as wife.
{18:20} Dilexit autem David Michol filia Saul altera. Et nunciatum est Saul, et placuit ei.
{18:20} Now Michal, the other daughter of Saul, loved David. And this was reported to Saul, and it pleased him.
{18:21} Dixitque Saul: Dabo eam illi, ut fiat ei in scandalum, et sit super eum manus Philisthinorum. Dixitque Saul ad David: In duabus rebus gener meus eris hodie.
{18:21} And Saul said, “I will give her to him, so that she may be a stumbling block to him, and so that the hand of the Philistines may be upon him.” And Saul said to David, “In two things, you shall be my son-in-law today.”
{18:22} Et mandavit Saul servis suis: Loquimini ad David clam me, dicentes: Ecce places regi, et omnes servi eius diligunt te. Nunc ergo esto gener regis.
{18:22} And Saul commanded his servants to speak to David privately, saying: “Behold, you are pleasing to the king, and all his servants love you. Now therefore, be the son-in-law of the king.”
{18:23} Et locuti sunt servi Saul in auribus David omnia verba hæc. Et ait David: Num parum videtur vobis, generum esse regis? Ego autem sum vir pauper et tenuis.
{18:23} And the servants of Saul spoke all these words to the ears of David. And David said: “Does it seem a small matter to you, to be the son-in-law of the king? I am but a poor and unimportant man.”
{18:24} Et renunciaverunt servi Saul, dicentes: Huiuscemodi verba locutus est David.
{18:24} And the servants reported to Saul, saying, “David has spoken words in this manner.”
{18:25} Dixit autem Saul: Sic loquimini ad David: Non habet rex sponsalia necesse, nisi tantum centum præputia Philisthinorum, ut fiat ultio de inimicis regis. Porro Saul cogitabat tradere David in manus Philisthinorum.
{18:25} Then Saul said, “Speak in this way to David: The king does not have need of any dowry, but only one hundred foreskins from the Philistine men, so that he may be vindicated from the enemies of the king.” So did Saul think to deliver David into the hands of the Philistines.
{18:26} Cumque renunciassent servi eius David verba, quæ dixerat Saul, placuit sermo in oculis David, ut fieret gener regis.
{18:26} And when his servants had repeated to David the words that Saul had spoken, the word was pleasing in the eyes of David, so that he would become son-in-law of the king.
{18:27} Et post paucos dies surgens David, abiit cum viris, qui sub eo erant. Et percussit ex Philisthiim ducentos viros, et attulit eorum præputia, et annumeravit ea regi, ut esset gener eius. Dedit itaque Saul ei Michol filiam suam uxorem.
{18:27} And after a few days, David, rising up, went with the men who were under him, and he struck down two hundred men of the Philistines. And he brought their foreskins, and he counted them out for the king, so that he might be his son-in-law. And so, Saul gave to him his daughter Michal as wife.
{18:28} Et vidit Saul, et intellexit quod Dominus esset cum David. Michol autem filia Saul diligebat eum.
{18:28} And Saul saw and understood that the Lord was with David. And Michal, the daughter of Saul, loved him.
{18:29} Et Saul magis cœpit timere David: factusque est Saul inimicus David cunctis diebus.
{18:29} And Saul began to fear David all the more. And Saul became the enemy of David, every day.
{18:30} Et egressi sunt principes Philisthinorum. A principio autem egressionis eorum, prudentius se gerebat David quam omnes servi Saul, et celebre factum est nomen eius nimis.
{18:30} And the leaders of the Philistines departed. And from the beginning of their departure, David conducted himself more prudently than all the servants of Saul, and his name became exceedingly celebrated.
{19:1} Locutus est autem Saul ad Ionathan filium suum, et ad omnes servos suos, ut occiderent David. Porro Ionathas filius Saul diligebat David valde.
{19:1} Now Saul spoke to his son Jonathan, and to all his servants, so that they would kill David. But Jonathan, the son of Saul, loved David very much.
{19:2} Et indicavit Ionathas David, dicens: Quærit Saul pater meus occidere te: quapropter observa te, quæso, mane, et manebis clam, et absconderis.
{19:2} And Jonathan revealed it to David, saying: “Saul, my father, is seeking to kill you. Because of this, I ask you, take care for yourself in the morning. And you should conceal yourself and remain in hiding.
{19:3} Ego autem egrediens stabo iuxta patrem meum, in agro ubicumque fueris: et ego loquar de te ad patrem meum: et quodcumque videro, nunciabo tibi.
{19:3} Then I, going out, will be standing beside my father in the field, where you will be. And I will speak about you to my father. And whatever I see, I will report to you.”
{19:4} Locutus est ergo Ionathas de David bona ad Saul patrem suum: dixitque ad eum: Ne pecces rex in servum tuum David, quia non peccavit tibi, et opera eius bona sunt tibi valde.
{19:4} Then Jonathan spoke good things about David to his father Saul. And he said to him: “You should not sin, O king, against your servant David. For he has not sinned against you, and his works toward you are very good.
{19:5} Et posuit animam suam in manu sua, et percussit Philisthæum, et fecit Dominus salutem magnam universo Israeli: vidisti, et lætatus es. Quare ergo peccas in sanguine innoxio, interficiens David, qui est absque culpa?
{19:5} And he took his life in his own hand, and struck down the Philistine. And the Lord wrought a great salvation for all of Israel. You saw it, and you rejoiced. Why then would you sin against innocent blood by killing David, who is without guilt?”
{19:6} Quod cum audisset Saul, placatus voce Ionathæ, iuravit: Vivit Dominus, quia non occidetur.
{19:6} And when Saul had heard this, being pleased by the voice of Jonathan, he swore, “As the Lord lives, he shall not be killed.”
{19:7} Vocavit itaque Ionathas David, et indicavit ei omnia verba hæc: et introduxit Ionathas David ad Saul, et fuit ante eum, sicut fuerat heri et nudiustertius.
{19:7} And so Jonathan called David, and he revealed to him all of these words. And Jonathan led in David to Saul, and he was before him, just as he had been yesterday and the day before.
{19:8} Motum est autem rursum bellum: et egressus David, pugnavit adversum Philisthiim: percussitque eos plaga magna, et fugerunt a facie eius.
{19:8} Then the war was stirred up again. And David went out and fought against the Philistines. And he struck them down with a great slaughter. And they fled from his face.
{19:9} Et factus est spiritus Domini malus in Saul. Sedebat autem in domo sua, et tenebat lanceam: porro David psallebat manu sua.
{19:9} And the evil spirit from the Lord came to Saul, who was sitting in his house and holding a lance. And David was playing music with his hand.
{19:10} Nisusque est Saul configere David lancea in pariete, et declinavit David a facie Saul: lancea autem casso vulnere perlata est in parietem, et David fugit, et salvatus est nocte illa.
{19:10} And Saul attempted to fix David to the wall with the lance. But David turned aside from the face of Saul. And the lance failed to wound him, and it became fixed in the wall. And David fled, and so he was saved that night.
{19:11} Misit ergo Saul satellites suos in domum David, ut custodirent eum, et interficeretur mane. Quod cum annunciasset David Michol uxor sua, dicens: Nisi salvaveris te nocte hac, cras morieris:
{19:11} Therefore, Saul sent his guards to David’s house, so that they might watch for him, and so that he might be killed in the morning. And after Michal, his wife, had reported this to David, saying, “Unless you save yourself this night, tomorrow you will die,”
{19:12} deposuit eum per fenestram. Porro ille abiit et aufugit, atque salvatus est.
{19:12} she lowered him down through a window. Then he fled and went away, and he was saved.
{19:13} Tulit autem Michol statuam, et posuit eam super lectum, et pellem pilosam caprarum posuit ad caput eius, et operuit eam vestimentis.
{19:13} Then Michal took a statue, and placed it on the bed. And she placed the pelt of a goat for the hair at its head. And she covered it with clothes.
{19:14} Misit autem Saul apparitores, qui raperent David: et responsum est quod ægrotaret.
{19:14} And Saul sent attendants to seize David. And it was answered that he was sick.
{19:15} Rursumque misit Saul nuncios ut viderent David, dicens: Afferte eum ad me in lecto, ut occidatur.
{19:15} And again, Saul sent messengers to see David, saying, “Bring him to me on the bed, so that he may be killed.”
{19:16} Cumque venissent nuncii, inventum est simulacrum super lectum, et pellis caprarum ad caput eius.
{19:16} And when the messengers had arrived, they found a likeness on the bed, with a goat pelt at its head.
{19:17} Dixitque Saul ad Michol: Quare sic illusisti mihi, et dimisisti inimicum meum ut fugeret? Et respondit Michol ad Saul: Quia ipse locutus est mihi: Dimitte me, alioquin interficiam te.
{19:17} And Saul said to Michal, “Why have you deceived me in this way, and released my enemy, so that he may flee?” And Michal responded to Saul, “Because he said to me, ‘Release me, otherwise I will kill you.’ ”
{19:18} David autem fugiens salvatus est, et venit ad Samuel in Ramatha, et nunciavit ei omnia quæ fecerat sibi Saul: et abierunt ipse et Samuel, et morati sunt in Naioth.
{19:18} Now David was saved by fleeing, and he went to Samuel in Ramah. And he reported to him all that Saul had done to him. And he and Samuel went away and stayed at Naioth.
{19:19} Nunciatum est autem Sauli a dicentibus: Ecce David in Naioth in Ramatha.
{19:19} Then it was reported to Saul by some, saying, “Behold, David is at Naioth, in Ramah.”
{19:20} Misit ergo Saul lictores, ut raperent David: qui cum vidissent cuneum prophetarum vaticinantium, et Samuelem stantem super eos, factus est etiam Spiritus Domini in illis, et prophetare cœperunt etiam ipsi.
{19:20} Therefore, Saul sent officers to seize David. And when they had seen a company of prophets prophesying, with Samuel presiding over them, the Spirit of the Lord also came to them, and they also began to prophesy.
{19:21} Quod cum nunciatum esset Sauli, misit et alios nuncios: prophetaverunt autem et illi. Et rursum misit Saul tertios nuncios: qui et ipsi prophetaverunt. Et iratus iracundia Saul,
{19:21} And when this was reported to Saul, he sent other messengers. But they also prophesied. And again, Saul sent messengers a third time. And they also prophesied. And Saul, being exceedingly angry,
{19:22} abiit etiam ipse in Ramatha, et venit usque ad cisternam magnam, quæ est in Socho, et interrogavit, et dixit: In quo loco sunt Samuel et David? Dictumque est ei: Ecce in Naioth sunt in Ramatha.
{19:22} also went to Ramah himself. And he went as far as the great cistern, which is in Socoh. And he inquired and said, “In which place are Samuel and David?” And it was told to him, “Behold, they are at Naioth, in Ramah.”
{19:23} Et abiit in Naioth in Ramatha, et factus est etiam super eum Spiritus Domini, et ambulabat ingrediens, et prophetabat usque dum veniret in Naioth in Ramatha.
{19:23} And he went to Naioth, in Ramah, and the Spirit of the Lord came to him also. And he continued on, walking and prophesying, until he arrived at Naioth, in Ramah.
{19:24} Et expoliavit etiam ipse se vestimentis suis, et prophetavit cum ceteris coram Samuele, et cecidit nudus tota die illa et nocte. Unde et exivit proverbium: Num et Saul inter prophetas?
{19:24} And he also took off his garments, and he prophesied with the others before Samuel. And he fell down naked, throughout that day and night. From this, too, is derived the proverb, “Could Saul also be among the prophets?”
{20:1} Fugit autem David de Naioth, quæ est in Ramatha, veniensque locutus est coram Ionatha: Quid feci? Quæ est iniquitas mea, et quod peccatum meum in patrem tuum, quia quærit animam meam?
{20:1} Then David fled from Naioth, which is in Ramah, and he went and said before Jonathan: “What have I done? What is my iniquity, or what is my sin, against your father, so that he would seek my life?”
{20:2} Qui dixit ei: Absit, non morieris: neque enim faciet pater meus quidquam grande vel parvum, nisi prius indicaverit mihi: hunc ergo celavit me pater meus sermonem tantummodo? Nequaquam erit istud.
{20:2} And he said to him: “May this not be! You shall not die. For my father will not do anything, great or small, without first revealing it to me. Therefore, has my father concealed this word solely from me? By no means shall this be!”
{20:3} Et iuravit rursum Davidi. Et ille ait: Scit profecto pater tuus quia inveni gratiam in oculis tuis, et dicet: Nesciat hoc Ionathas, ne forte tristetur. Quinimmo vivit Dominus, et vivit anima tua, quia uno tantum (ut ita dicam) gradu, ego morsque dividimur.
{20:3} And he swore again to David. And David said: “Your father certainly knows that I have found favor in your sight, and so he will say, ‘Let Jonathan not know this, lest he be saddened.’ So truly, as the Lord lives, and as your soul lives, there is only one step (if I may say it) separating me from death.”
{20:4} Et ait Ionathas ad David: Quodcumque dixerit mihi anima tua, faciam tibi.
{20:4} And Jonathan said to David, “Whatever your soul will tell me, I will do for you.”
{20:5} Dixit autem David ad Ionathan: Ecce calendæ sunt crastino, et ego ex more sedere soleo iuxta regem ad vescendum: dimitte ergo me ut abscondar in agro usque ad vesperam diei tertiæ.
{20:5} Then David said to Jonathan: “Behold, tomorrow is the new moon, and I am accustomed to sit in a seat beside the king to eat. Therefore, permit me that I may be hidden in the field, until the evening of the third day.
{20:6} Si respiciens requisierit me pater tuus, respondebis ei: Rogavit me David, ut iret celeriter in Bethlehem civitatem suam: quia victimæ sollemnes ibi sunt universis contribulibus suis.
{20:6} If your father, looking around, will seek me, you shall respond to him: ‘David asked me if he may hurry to Bethlehem, his own city. For there are solemn sacrifices in that place for all of his tribe together.’
{20:7} Si dixerit, Bene: pax erit servo tuo. Si autem fuerit iratus, scito quia completa est malitia eius.
{20:7} If he will say, ‘It is well,’ then your servant will have peace. But if he will be angry, know that his malice has reached its height.
{20:8} Fac ergo misericordiam in servum tuum: quia fœdus Domini me famulum tuum tecum inire fecisti. Si autem est iniquitas aliqua in me, tu me interfice, et ad patrem tuum ne introducas me.
{20:8} Therefore, show mercy to your servant. For you have brought me, your servant, into a covenant of the Lord with you. But if there is any iniquity in me, you may kill me, and you shall not lead me in to your father.”
{20:9} Et ait Ionathas: Absit hoc a te: neque enim fieri potest, ut si certe cognovero completam esse patris mei malitiam contra te, non annunciem tibi.
{20:9} And Jonathan said: “May this be far from you. For certainly, if I ever realized that any wickedness was determined by my father against you, I would not be able to do anything other than report it to you.”
{20:10} Responditque David ad Ionathan: Quis renunciabit mihi, si quid forte responderit tibi pater tuus dure de me?
{20:10} And David responded to Jonathan, “Who will repeat it to me, if your father may perhaps answer you harshly about me?”
{20:11} Et ait Ionathas ad David: Veni, et egrediamur foras in agrum. Cumque exissent ambo in agrum,
{20:11} And Jonathan said to David, “Come, and let us go out into the field.” And when they both had gone out into the field,
{20:12} ait Ionathas ad David: Domine Deus Israel, si investigavero sententiam patris mei crastino vel perendie: et aliquid boni fuerit super David, et non statim misero ad te, et notum tibi fecero,
{20:12} Jonathan said before David: “O Lord, God of Israel, if I will discover a decision by my father, tomorrow, or the day after, and if there will be anything good concerning David, and yet I do not immediately send to you and make it known to you,
{20:13} hæc faciat Dominus Ionathæ, et hæc addat. Si autem perseveraverit patris mei malitia adversum te, revelabo aurem tuam, et dimittam te, ut vadas in pace, et sit Dominus tecum, sicut fuit cum patre meo.
{20:13} may the Lord do these things to Jonathan, and may he add these other things. But if my father will have persevered in malice against you, I will reveal it to your ear, and I will send you away, so that you may go in peace, and so that the Lord may be with you, just as he was with my father.
{20:14} Et si vixero, facies mihi misericordiam Domini: si vero mortuus fuero,
{20:14} And if I live, you shall show the mercy of the Lord to me. Yet truly, if I die,
{20:15} non auferes misericordiam tuam a domo mea usque in sempiternum, quando eradicaverit Dominus inimicos David, unumquemque de terra: auferat Ionathan de domo sua, et requirat Dominus de manu inimicorum David.
{20:15} you shall not take away your mercy from my house, even forever, when the Lord will have rooted out the enemies of David, each and every one of them, from the earth. May he take Jonathan from his house, and may the Lord require it from the hands of the enemies of David.”
{20:16} Pepigit ergo Ionathas fœdus cum domo David: et requisivit Dominus de manu inimicorum David.
{20:16} Therefore, Jonathan formed a covenant with the house of David. And the Lord required it from the hands of the enemies of David.
~ If Jonathan broke the oath, then the Lord would punish Jonathan by means of the enemies of David.
{20:17} Et addidit Ionathas deierare David, eo quod diligeret illum: sicut enim animam suam, ita diligebat eum.
{20:17} And Jonathan continued to swear to David, because he loved him. For he loved him like his own soul.
{20:18} Dixitque ad eum Ionathas: Cras calendæ sunt, et requireris:
{20:18} And Jonathan said to him: “Tomorrow is the new moon, and you will be sought.
{20:19} requiretur enim sessio tua usque perendie. Descendes ergo festinus, et venies in locum ubi celandus es in die qua operari licet, et sedebis iuxta lapidem, cui nomen est Ezel.
{20:19} For your seat will be empty until the day after tomorrow. Therefore, you shall descend quickly, and you shall go to the place where you are to be hidden, on a day when it is lawful to work, and you shall remain beside the stone that is called Ezel.
{20:20} Et ego tres sagittas mittam iuxta eum, et iaciam quasi exercens me ad signum.
{20:20} And I will shoot three arrows near it, and I will cast them as if I were practicing for myself toward a mark.
{20:21} Mittam quoque et puerum, dicens ei: Vade, et affer mihi sagittas.
{20:21} Also, I will send a boy, saying to him, ‘Go and bring the arrows to me.’
{20:22} Si dixero puero: Ecce sagittæ intra te sunt, tolle eas: tu veni ad me, quia pax tibi est, et nihil est mali, vivit Dominus. Si autem sic locutus fuero puero: Ecce sagittæ ultra te sunt: vade in pace, quia dimisit te Dominus.
{20:22} If I will say to the boy, ‘Behold, the arrows are before you, take them up,’ you shall approach before me, because there is peace for you, and there is nothing evil, as the Lord lives. But if I will have spoken to the boy in this way, ‘Behold, the arrows are away from you,’ then you shall go away in peace, for the Lord has released you.
{20:23} De verbo autem quod locuti sumus ego et tu, sit Dominus inter me et te usque in sempiternum.
{20:23} Now about the word that you and I have spoken, may the Lord be between you and me, even forever.”
{20:24} Absconditus est ergo David in agro, et venerunt calendæ, et sedit rex ad comedendum panem.
{20:24} Therefore, David was hidden in the field. And the new moon came, and the king sat down to eat bread.
{20:25} Cumque sedisset rex super cathedram suam (secundum consuetudinem) quæ erat iuxta parietem, surrexit Ionathas, et sedit Abner ex latere Saul, vacuusque apparuit locus David.
{20:25} And when the king had sat down on his chair, (according to custom) which was beside the wall, Jonathan rose up, and Abner sat beside Saul, and David’s place appeared empty.
{20:26} Et non est locutus Saul quidquam in die illa: cogitabat enim quod forte evenisset ei, ut non esset mundus, nec purificatus.
{20:26} And Saul did not say anything on that day. For he was thinking that perhaps something happened to him, so that he was not clean, or not purified.
{20:27} Cumque illuxisset dies secunda post calendas, rursus apparuit vacuus locus David. Dixitque Saul ad Ionathan filium suum: Cur non venit filius Isai nec heri, nec hodie ad vescendum?
{20:27} And when the second day after the new moon had begun to dawn, David’s place again appeared empty. And Saul said to Jonathan, his son, “Why has the son of Jesse not arrived to eat, neither yesterday, nor today?”
{20:28} Responditque Ionathas Sauli: Rogavit me obnixe, ut iret in Bethlehem,
{20:28} And Jonathan responded to Saul, “He petitioned me earnestly that he might go to Bethlehem,
{20:29} et ait: Dimitte me, quoniam sacrificium sollemne est in civitate, unus de fratribus meis accersivit me: nunc ergo si inveni gratiam in oculis tuis, vadam cito, et videbo fratres meos. Ob hanc causam non venit ad mensam regis.
{20:29} and he said: ‘Permit me. For there is a solemn sacrifice in the city. One of my brothers has summoned me. Now therefore, if I have found favor in your eyes, I will go quickly, and I will see my brothers.’ For this reason, he has not come to the table of the king.”
{20:30} Iratus autem Saul adversum Ionathan, dixit ei: Fili mulieris virum ultro rapientis, numquid ignoro quia diligis filium Isai in confusionem tuam, et in confusionem ignominiosæ matris tuæ?
{20:30} Then Saul, becoming angry against Jonathan, said to him: “You son of a woman wantonly seizing a man! Could I be ignorant that you love the son of Jesse, to your own shame, and to the shame of your disgraceful mother?
~ The phrase ‘mulieris virum ultro rapientis’ translates literally as ‘a woman raping (or seizing) a man wantonly. It implies perverse or promiscuous behavior by the woman.
{20:31} Omnibus enim diebus, quibus filius Isai vixerit super terram, non stabilieris tu, neque regnum tuum. Itaque iam nunc mitte, et adduc eum ad me: quia filius mortis est.
{20:31} For all the days that the son of Jesse moves upon earth, neither you, nor your kingdom, will be secure. And so, send and bring him to me, here and now. For he is a son of death.”
~ Here again is the Hebrew expression ‘son of…’ In the case, Saul is saying that David is about to be killed.
{20:32} Respondens autem Ionathas Sauli patri suo, ait: Quare morietur? Quid fecit?
{20:32} Then Jonathan, answering his father Saul, said: “Why should he die? What has he done?”
{20:33} Et arripuit Saul lanceam ut percuteret eum. Et intellexit Ionathas quod definitum esset a patre suo, ut interficeret David.
{20:33} And Saul picked up a lance, so that he might strike him. And Jonathan understood that it had been decided by his father that David be put to death.
{20:34} Surrexit ergo Ionathas a mensa in ira furoris, et non comedit in die calendarum secunda panem. Contristatus est enim super David, eo quod confudisset eum pater suus.
{20:34} Therefore, Jonathan rose up from the table in a rage of anger. And he did not eat bread on the second day after the new moon. For he was saddened over David, because his father had confounded him.
{20:35} Cumque illuxisset mane, venit Ionathas in agrum iuxta placitum David, et puer parvulus cum eo,
{20:35} And when the morning had begun to dawn, Jonathan went into the field according to the agreement with David, and a young boy was with him.
{20:36} et ait ad puerum suum: Vade, et affer mihi sagittas, quas ego iacio. Cumque puer cucurrisset, iecit aliam sagittam trans puerum.
{20:36} And he said to his boy, “Go, and bring to me the arrows that I shoot.” And when the boy had run, he shot another arrow away from the boy.
{20:37} Venit itaque puer ad locum iaculi, quod miserat Ionathas: et clamavit Ionathas post tergum pueri, et ait: Ecce ibi est sagitta porro ultra te.
{20:37} And so, the boy went to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot. And Jonathan cried out, from behind the back of boy, and said: “Behold, the arrow is there, farther away from you.”
{20:38} Clamavitque iterum Ionathas post tergum pueri, dicens: Festina velociter, ne steteris. Collegit autem puer Ionathæ sagittas, et attulit ad dominum suum:
{20:38} And Jonathan cried out again, from behind the back of the boy, saying, “Go quickly! Do not stand still!” Then Jonathan’s boy collected the arrows, and he brought them to his lord.
{20:39} et quid ageretur, penitus ignorabat: tantummodo enim Ionathas et David rem noverant.
{20:39} And he did not understand at all what was happening. For only Jonathan and David knew the matter.
{20:40} Dedit ergo Ionathas arma sua puero, et dixit ei: Vade, et defer in civitatem.
{20:40} Then Jonathan gave his weapons to the boy, and he said to him, “Go, and carry them into the city.”
{20:41} Cumque abiisset puer, surrexit David de loco, qui vergebat ad Austrum, et cadens pronus in terram, adoravit tertio: et osculantes se alterutrum, fleverunt pariter, David autem amplius.
{20:41} And when the boy had gone away, David rose up from his place, which turned toward the south, and falling prone on the ground, he reverenced three times. And kissing one another, they wept together, but David more so.
{20:42} Dixit ergo Ionathas ad David: Vade in pace: quæcumque iuravimus ambo in nomine Domini, dicentes: Dominus sit inter me et te, et inter semen meum et semen tuum usque in sempiternum.
{20:42} Then Jonathan said to David: “Go in peace. And let us both keep all that we have ever sworn in the name of the Lord, saying, ‘May the Lord be between me and you, and between my offspring and your offspring, even forever.’ ”
{20:43} Et surrexit David, et abiit: sed et Ionathas ingressus est civitatem.
{20:43} And David rose up and went away. But Jonathan entered into the city.
{21:1} Venit autem David in Nobe ad Achimelech sacerdotem: et obstupuit Achimelech, eo quod venisset David. Et dixit ei: Quare tu solus, et nullus est tecum?
{21:1} Then David went into Nob, to the priest Ahimelech. And Ahimelech was astonished that David had arrived. And he said to him, “Why are you alone, and no one is with you?”
{21:2} Et ait David ad Achimelech sacerdotem: Rex præcepit mihi sermonem, et dixit: Nemo sciat rem, propter quam missus es a me, et cuiusmodi præcepta tibi dederim: nam et pueris condixi in illum et illum locum.
{21:2} And David said to the priest Ahimelech: “The king has instructed to me a word, and he said: ‘Let no one know the matter about which you have been sent by me, and what type of instructions I have given to you. For I have also summoned servants to one and another place.’
{21:3} Nunc ergo si quid habes ad manum, vel quinque panes, da mihi, aut quidquid inveneris.
{21:3} Now therefore, if you have anything at hand, even five loaves of bread, or whatever you may find, give it to me.”
{21:4} Et respondens sacerdos ad David, ait illi: Non habeo laicos panes ad manum, sed tantum panem sanctum: si mundi sunt pueri, maxime a mulieribus?
{21:4} And the priest, responding to David, said to him: “I have no common bread at hand, but only holy bread. Are the young men clean, especially from women?”
{21:5} Et respondit David sacerdoti, et dixit ei: Equidem, si de mulieribus agitur: continuimus nos ab heri et nudiustertius, quando egrediebamur, et fuerunt vasa puerorum sancta. Porro via hæc polluta est, sed et ipsa hodie sanctificabitur in vasis.
{21:5} And David responded to the priest, and said to him: “Indeed, as concerns being with women, we have abstained since yesterday and the day before, when we departed, and so the vessels of the young men have been holy. And although, this journey has been defiled, it will also be sanctified today as concerns the vessels.”
{21:6} Dedit ergo ei sacerdos sanctificatum panem. Neque enim erat ibi panis, nisi tantum panes propositionis, qui sublati fuerant a facie Domini, ut ponerentur panes calidi.
{21:6} Therefore, the priest gave to him sanctified bread. For there was no bread there, but only the bread of the Presence, which had been taken away from before the face of the Lord, so that fresh loaves might be set up.
{21:7} Erat autem ibi vir quidam de servis Saul, in die illa, intus in tabernaculo Domini: et nomen eius Doeg Idumæus, potentissimus pastorum Saul.
{21:7} Now a certain man among the servants of Saul was there on that day, inside the tabernacle of the Lord. And his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the most powerful among the shepherds of Saul.
{21:8} Dixit autem David ad Achimelech: Si habes hic ad manum hastam, aut gladium? Quia gladium meum, et arma mea non tuli mecum. Sermo enim regis urgebat.
{21:8} Then David said to Ahimelech: “Do you have, here at hand, a spear or a sword? For I did not take my own sword, or my own weapons with me. For the word of the king was urgent.”
{21:9} Et dixit sacerdos: Ecce hic gladius Goliath Philisthæi, quem percussisti in Valle Terebinthi, est involutus pallio post ephod: si istum vis tollere, tolle. Neque enim hic est alius absque eo. Et ait David: Non est huic alter similis, da mihi eum.
{21:9} And the priest said: “Behold, here is the sword of Goliath, the Philistine, whom you struck down in the Valley of Terebinth. It is wrapped up in a cloak behind the ephod. If you wish to take this, take it. For there is nothing else here except this.” And David said, “There is nothing else like this, so give it to me.”
{21:10} Surrexit itaque David, et fugit in die illa a facie Saul: et venit ad Achis regem Geth:
{21:10} And so, David rose up, and he fled on that day from the face of Saul. And he went to Achish, the king of Gath.
{21:11} dixeruntque servi Achis ad eum cum vidissent David: Numquid non iste est David, rex terræ? Nonne huic cantabant per choros, dicentes: Percussit Saul mille, et David decem millia?
{21:11} And the servants of Achish, when they had seen David, said to him: “Is this not David, the king of the land? Were they not singing about him, while dancing, saying, ‘Saul has struck down a thousand, and David ten thousand?’ ”
{21:12} Posuit autem David sermones istos in corde suo, et extimuit valde a facie Achis regis Geth.
{21:12} Then David took these words to his heart, and he became exceedingly afraid before the face of Achish, the king of Gath.
{21:13} Et immutavit os suum coram eis, et collabebatur inter manus eorum: et impingebat in ostia portæ, defluebantque salivæ eius in barbam.
{21:13} And he altered his mouth before them, and he slipped down between their hands. And he stumbled against the doors of the gate. And his spit flowed down his beard.
{21:14} Et ait Achis ad servos suos: Vidistis hominem insanum: quare adduxistis eum ad me?
{21:14} And Achish said to his servants: “You saw that the man is insane. Why did you bring him to me?
{21:15} An desunt nobis furiosi, quod introduxistis istum, ut fureret me præsente? Hiccine ingredietur domum meam?
{21:15} Or do we have need of those who are mad, so that you would bring in this one, to behave madly in my presence? How did this man get into my house?”
{22:1} Abiit ergo David inde, et fugit in speluncam Odollam. Quod cum audissent fratres eius, et omnis domus patris eius, descenderunt ad eum illuc.
{22:1} Then David went away from there, and he fled to the cave of Adullam. And when his brothers and all of his father’s house had heard of it, they descended to him there.
{22:2} Et convenerunt ad eum omnes, qui erant in angustia constituti, et oppressi ære alieno, et amaro animo: et factus est eorum princeps, fueruntque cum eo quasi quadringenti viri.
{22:2} And all those left in distress, or oppressed by debt to strangers, or bitter in soul, gathered themselves to him. And he became their leader, and about four hundred men were with him.
{22:3} Et profectus est David inde in Maspha, quæ est Moab: et dixit ad regem Moab: Maneat, oro, pater meus et mater mea vobiscum, donec sciam quid faciat mihi Deus.
{22:3} And David set out from there to Mizpah, which is of Moab. And he said to the king of Moab, “I beg you, let my father and my mother remain with you, until I know what God will do for me.”
{22:4} Et reliquit eos ante faciem regis Moab: manseruntque apud eum cunctis diebus, quibus David fuit in præsidio.
{22:4} And he left them before the face of the king of Moab. And they stayed with him for all the days that David was in the stronghold.
{22:5} Dixitque Gad propheta ad David: Noli manere in præsidio, proficiscere, et vade in Terram Iuda. Et profectus est David, et venit in saltum Hereth.
{22:5} And the prophet Gad said to David: “Do not choose to stay in the stronghold. Set out and go into the land of Judah.” And so, David set out, and he went into the forest of Hereth.
{22:6} Et audivit Saul quod apparuisset David, et viri qui erant cum eo. Saul autem cum maneret in Gabaa, et esset in nemore, quod est in Rama, hastam manu tenens, cunctique servi eius circumstarent eum,
{22:6} And Saul heard that David, and the men who were with him, had been seen. Now while Saul was staying in Gibeah, and while he was in the forest that is in Ramah, holding a spear in his hand, with all his servants standing around him,
{22:7} ait ad servos suos qui assistebant ei: Audite nunc filii Iemini: numquid omnibus vobis dabit filius Isai agros et vineas, et universos vos faciet tribunos, et centuriones:
{22:7} he said to his servants who were assisting him: “Listen now, you sons of Benjamin! Will the son of Jesse give to all of you fields and vineyards, and will he make all of you tribunes or centurions,
{22:8} quoniam coniurastis omnes adversum me, et non est qui mihi renunciet, maxime cum et filius meus fœdus inierit cum filio Isai? Non est qui vicem meam doleat ex vobis, nec qui annunciet mihi: eo quod suscitaverit filius meus servum meum adversum me, insidiantem mihi usque hodie.
{22:8} so that you would all conspire against me, and so that there is no one to inform me, especially when even my son has formed a pact with the son of Jesse? There is no one among you who grieves for my situation, or who would report to me. For my son has raised up my servant against me, seeking to betray me, even to this day.”
{22:9} Respondens autem Doeg Idumæus, qui assistebat, et erat primus inter servos Saul: Vidi, inquit, filium Isai in Nobe apud Achimelech filium Achitob sacerdotem.
{22:9} Then Doeg, the Edomite, who was standing near, and who was first among the servants of Saul, responding, said: “I saw the son of Jesse, in Nob, with Ahimelech, the son of Ahitub, the priest.
{22:10} Qui consuluit pro eo Dominum, et cibaria dedit ei: sed et gladium Goliath Philisthæi dedit illi.
{22:10} And he consulted the Lord for him, and he gave him food. Moreover, he gave him the sword of Goliath, the Philistine.”
{22:11} Misit ergo rex ad accersendum Achimelech sacerdotem filium Achitob, et omnem domum patris eius, sacerdotum, qui erant in Nobe, qui universi venerunt ad regem.
{22:11} Then the king sent to summon Ahimelech, the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all of his father’s house, the priests who were in Nob, and they all came before the king.
{22:12} Et ait Saul ad Achimelech: Audi fili Achitob. Qui respondit: Præsto sum, domine.
{22:12} And Saul said to Ahimelech, “Listen, son of Ahitub.” He responded, “Here I am, lord.”
{22:13} Dixitque ad eum Saul: Quare coniurastis adversum me, tu et filius Isai, et dedisti ei panes et gladium, et consuluisti pro eo Deum, ut consurgeret adversum me, insidiator usque hodie permanens?
{22:13} And Saul said to him: “Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse? For you gave him bread and a sword, and you consulted the Lord for him, so that he might rise up against me, continuing as a traitor even to this day.”
{22:14} Respondensque Achimelech regi, ait: Et quis in omnibus servis tuis, sicut David fidelis, et gener regis, et pergens ad imperium tuum, et gloriosus in domo tua?
{22:14} And responding to the king, Ahimelech said: “But who among all your servants is as faithful as David? And he is the son-in-law of the king, and he goes forth at your order, and he is a glory within your house.
{22:15} Num hodie cœpi pro eo consulere Deum? Absit hoc a me: ne suspicetur rex adversus servum suum rem huiuscemodi, in universa domo patris mei: non enim scivit servus tuus quidquam super hoc negotio, vel modicum vel grande.
{22:15} Did I begin to consult the Lord for him today? May this be far from me! Let not the king suspect this kind of thing against his servant, nor against anyone in all my father’s house. For your servant did not know anything about this matter, either small or great.”
{22:16} Dixitque rex: Morte morieris Achimelech, tu, et omnis domus patris tui.
{22:16} And the king said, “You shall die a death, Ahimelech, you and all your father’s house!”
{22:17} Et ait rex emissariis qui circumstabant eum: Convertimini, et interficite sacerdotes Domini: nam manus eorum cum David est: scientes quod fugisset, et non indicaverunt mihi. Noluerunt autem servi regis extendere manus suas in sacerdotes Domini.
{22:17} And the king said to the emissaries who were standing around him: “You shall turn, and put to death the priests of the Lord. For their hand is with David. They knew that he had fled, and they did not reveal it to me.” But the servants of the king were not willing to extend their hands against the priests of the Lord.
{22:18} Et ait rex ad Doeg: Convertere tu, et irrue in sacerdotes. Conversusque Doeg Idumæus, irruit in sacerdotes, et trucidavit in die illa octoginta quinque viros vestitos ephod lineo.
{22:18} And the king said to Doeg, “You shall turn and rush against the priests.” And Doeg, the Edomite, turned and rushed against the priests. And he massacred, on that day, eighty-five men, vested with the linen ephod.
{22:19} Nobe autem civitatem sacerdotum percussit in ore gladii, viros et mulieres, et parvulos, et lactentes, bovemque et asinum, et ovem in ore gladii.
{22:19} Then he struck Nob, the city of the priests, with the edge of the sword; he struck down men and women, little ones and infants, as well as ox and donkey and sheep, with the edge of the sword.
{22:20} Evadens autem unus filius Achimelech, filii Achitob, cuius nomen erat Abiathar, fugit ad David,
{22:20} But one of the sons of Ahimelech, the son of Ahitub, whose name was Abiathar, escaping, fled to David.
{22:21} et annunciavit ei quod occidisset Saul sacerdotes Domini.
{22:21} And he reported to him that Saul had slain the priests of the Lord.
{22:22} Et ait David ad Abiathar: Sciebam in die illa, quod cum ibi esset Doeg Idumæus, procul dubio annunciaret Sauli: ego sum reus omnium animarum patris tui.
{22:22} And David said to Abiathar: “I knew, on that day when Doeg, the Edomite was there, that without doubt he would report it to Saul. I am guilty of all the souls of your father’s house.
{22:23} Mane mecum, ne timeas: si quis quæsierit animam meam, quæret et animam tuam, mecumque servaberis.
{22:23} You should remain with me. Do not be afraid. For he who seeks my life, seeks your life also, but with me you shall be saved.”
{23:1} Et annunciaverunt David, dicentes: Ecce Philisthiim oppugnant Ceilam, et diripiunt areas.
{23:1} And they reported to David, saying, “Behold, the Philistines are fighting against Keilah, and they are plundering the grain stores.”
{23:2} Consuluit ergo David Dominum, dicens: Num vadam, et percutiam Philisthæos istos? Et ait Dominus ad David: Vade, et percuties Philisthæos, et Ceilam salvabis.
{23:2} Therefore, David consulted the Lord, saying, “Shall I go and strike down these Philistines?” And the Lord said to David, “Go, and you shall strike down the Philistines, and you shall save Keilah.”
{23:3} Et dixerunt viri, qui erant cum David, ad eum: Ecce nos hic in Iudæa consistentes timemus: quanto magis si ierimus in Ceilam adversum agmina Philisthinorum?
{23:3} And the men who were with David said to him, “Behold, we continue in fear here in Judea; how much more so, if we go into Keilah against the troops of the Philistines?”
{23:4} Rursum ergo David consuluit Dominum. Qui respondens, ait ei: Surge, et vade in Ceilam: ego enim tradam Philisthæos in manu tua.
{23:4} Therefore, David consulted the Lord again. And responding, he said to him: “Rise up, and go into Keilah. For I will deliver the Philistines into your hand.”
{23:5} Abiit ergo David, et viri eius in Ceilam, et pugnavit adversum Philisthæos, et abegit iumenta eorum, et percussit eos plaga magna: et salvavit David habitatores Ceilæ.
{23:5} Therefore, David and his men went into Keilah. And they fought against the Philistines, and they took away their cattle, and they struck them with a great slaughter. And David saved the inhabitants of Keilah.
{23:6} Porro eo tempore, quo fugiebat Abiathar filius Achimelech ad David, in Ceilam ephod secum habens descenderat.
{23:6} And in that time, when Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech, was in exile with David, he had descended to Keilah, having an ephod with him.
{23:7} Nunciatum est autem Sauli quod venisset David in Ceilam: et ait Saul: Tradidit eum Deus in manus meas, conclususque est introgressus urbem, in qua portæ et seræ sunt.
{23:7} Then it was reported to Saul that David had gone to Keilah. And Saul said: “The Lord has delivered him into my hands. For he is enclosed, having entered into a city which has gates and bars.”
{23:8} Et præcepit Saul omni populo ut ad pugnam descenderet in Ceilam: et obsideret David, et viros eius.
{23:8} And Saul instructed all the people to descend in order to fight against Keilah, and to besiege David and his men.
{23:9} Quod cum David rescisset quia præpararet ei Saul clam malum, dixit ad Abiathar sacerdotem: Applica ephod.
{23:9} And when David had realized that Saul had secretly prepared evil against him, he said to Abiathar, the priest, “Bring the ephod.”
{23:10} Et ait David: Domine Deus Israel, audivit famam servus tuus, quod disponat Saul venire in Ceilam, ut evertat urbem propter me:
{23:10} And David said: “O Lord God of Israel, your servant has heard a report that Saul is planning to go to Keilah, so that he may overturn the city because of me.
{23:11} Si tradent me viri Ceilæ in manus eius? Et si descendet Saul, sicut audivit servus tuus? Domine Deus Israel indica servo tuo. Et ait Dominus: Descendet.
{23:11} Will the men of Keilah deliver me into his hands? And will Saul descend, just as your servant has heard? O Lord God of Israel, reveal to your servant.” And the Lord said, “He will descend.”
{23:12} Dixitque David: Si tradent me viri Ceilæ, et viros qui sunt mecum, in manus Saul? Et dixit Dominus: Tradent.
{23:12} And David said, “Will the men of Keilah deliver me, and the men who are with me, into the hands of Saul?” And the Lord said, “They will deliver you.”
{23:13} Surrexit ergo David et viri eius quasi sexcenti, et egressi de Ceila, huc atque illuc vagabantur incerti: nunciatumque est Sauli quod fugisset David de Ceila, et salvatus esset: quam ob rem dissimulavit exire.
{23:13} Therefore, David, and his men of about six hundred, rose up, and, departing from Keilah, they wandered here and there, aimlessly. And it was reported to Saul that David had fled from Keilah, and was saved. For this reason, he chose not to go out.
{23:14} Morabatur autem David in deserto in locis firmissimis, mansitque in monte solitudinis Ziph, in monte opaco: quærebat eum tamen Saul cunctis diebus: et non tradidit eum Deus in manus eius.
{23:14} Then David stayed in the desert, in very strong places. And he stayed on a mount in the wilderness of Ziph, on a shady mount. Nevertheless, Saul was seeking him every day. But the Lord did not deliver him into his hands.
{23:15} Et vidit David quod egressus esset Saul ut quæreret animam eius. Porro David erat in deserto Ziph in silva.
{23:15} And David saw that Saul had gone out, so that he might seek his life. Now David was in the desert of Ziph, in the woods.
{23:16} Et surrexit Ionathas filius Saul, et abiit ad David in silvam, et confortavit manus eius in Deo: dixitque ei:
{23:16} And Jonathan, the son of Saul, rose up and went to David in the woods, and he strengthened his hands in God. And he said to him:
{23:17} Ne timeas: neque enim inveniet te manus Saul patris mei, et tu regnabis super Israel, et ego ero tibi secundus, sed et Saul pater meus scit hoc.
{23:17} “Do not be afraid. For the hand of my father, Saul, will not find you. And you shall reign over Israel. And I will be second to you. And even my father knows this.”
{23:18} Percussit ergo uterque fœdus coram Domino: mansitque David in silva: Ionathas autem reversus est in domum suam.
{23:18} Therefore, they both struck a pact before the Lord. And David stayed in the woods. But Jonathan returned to his house.
{23:19} Ascenderunt autem Ziphæi ad Saul in Gabaa, dicentes: Nonne ecce David latitat apud nos in locis tutissimis silvæ, in Colle Hachila, quæ est ad dexteram deserti?
{23:19} Then the Ziphites ascended to Saul at Gibeah, saying: “Behold, is not David hidden with us in very secure places in the woods on the hill of Hachilah, which is to the right of the desert?
{23:20} Nunc ergo, sicut desideravit anima tua ut descenderes, descende: nostrum autem erit ut tradamus eum in manus regis.
{23:20} Now therefore, if your soul has desired to descend, then descend. Then it will be for us to deliver him into the hands of the king.”
{23:21} Dixitque Saul: Benedicti vos a Domino, quia doluistis vicem meam.
{23:21} And Saul said: “You have been blessed by the Lord. For you have grieved for my situation.
{23:22} Abite ergo, oro, et diligentius præparate, et curiosius agite, et considerate locum ubi sit pes eius, vel quis viderit eum ibi, recogitat enim de me, quod callide insidier ei.
{23:22} Therefore, I beg you, go forth, and prepare diligently, and act carefully. And consider the place where his foot may be, and who may have seen him there. For he thinks, concerning me, that I craftily plan treachery against him.
{23:23} Considerate et videte omnia latibula eius, in quibus absconditur: et revertimini ad me ad rem certam, ut vadam vobiscum. Quod si etiam in terram se abstruserit, perscrutabor eum in cunctis millibus Iuda.
{23:23} Consider and seek out all his hiding places, in which he may be concealed. And return to me with certainty about the matter, so that I may go with you. But if he would even press himself into the earth, I will search him out, amid all the thousands of Judah.”
{23:24} At illi surgentes abierunt in Ziph ante Saul: David autem et viri eius erant in deserto Maon, in campestribus ad dexteram Iesimon.
{23:24} And rising up, they went to Ziph before Saul. But David and his men were in the desert of Maon, in the plain to the right of Jeshimon.
{23:25} Ivit ergo Saul et socii eius ad quærendum eum: et nunciatum est David, statimque descendit ad petram, et versabatur in deserto Maon. Quod cum audisset Saul, persecutus est David in deserto Maon.
{23:25} Then Saul and his allies went to seek him. And this was reported to David. And immediately, he descended to the rock, and he moved about in the desert of Maon. And when Saul had heard of it, he pursued David in the desert of Maon.
{23:26} Et ibat Saul ad latus montis ex parte una: David autem et viri eius erant in latere montis ex parte altera: porro David desperabat se posse evadere a facie Saul: itaque Saul, et viri eius in modum coronæ cingebant David, et viros eius, ut caperent eos.
{23:26} And Saul went to one side of the mountain. But David and his men were on the other side of the mountain. Then David was despairing that he would be able to escape from the face of Saul. And Saul and his men enclosed David and his men in the manner of a crown, so that they might capture them.
{23:27} Et nuncius venit ad Saul, dicens: Festina, et veni, quoniam infuderunt se Philisthiim super terram.
{23:27} And a messenger came to Saul, saying, “Hurry and come, because the Philistines have poured themselves out upon the land.”
{23:28} Reversus est ergo Saul desistens persequi David, et perrexit in occursum Philisthinorum. Propter hoc vocaverunt locum illum, Petram Dividentem.
{23:28} Therefore, Saul turned back, ceasing in the pursuit of David, and he traveled to meet the Philistines. For this reason, they called that place, the Rock of Division.
{24:1} Ascendit ergo David inde: et habitavit in locis tutissimis Engaddi.
{24:1} Then David ascended from there, and he lived in very secure places in Engedi.
{24:2} Cumque reversus esset Saul, postquam persecutus est Philisthæos, nunciaverunt ei, dicentes: Ecce, David in deserto est Engaddi.
{24:2} And when Saul had returned after pursuing the Philistines, they reported to him, saying, “Behold, David is in the desert of Engedi.”
{24:3} Assumens ergo Saul tria millia electorum virorum ex omni Israel, perrexit ad investigandum David et viros eius, etiam super abruptissimas petra, quæ solis ibicibus perviæ sunt.
{24:3} Therefore, Saul, taking three thousand elect men from all of Israel, traveled in order to search for David and his men, even upon the most broken rocks, which are passable only to mountain goats.
{24:4} Et venit ad caulas ovium, quæ se offerebant vianti. Eratque ibi spelunca, quam ingressus est Saul, ut purgaret ventrem: porro David et viri eius in interiore parte speluncæ latebant.
{24:4} And he arrived at the sheepfolds, which presented themselves along the way. And a cave was in that place, which Saul entered, so that he might ease his bowels. But David and his men were hiding in the interior part of the cave.
{24:5} Et dixerunt servi David ad eum: Ecce dies, de qua locutus est Dominus ad te: Ego tradam tibi inimicum tuum, ut facias ei sicut placuerit in oculis tuis. Surrexit ergo David, et præcidit oram chlamydis Saul silenter.
{24:5} And the servants of David said to him: “Behold the day, about which the Lord said to you, ‘I will deliver your enemy to you, so that you may do to him as it will be pleasing in your eyes.’ ” Then David rose up, and he quietly cut off the edge of Saul’s cloak.
{24:6} Post hæc percussit cor suum David, eo quod abscidisset oram chlamydis Saul.
{24:6} After this, his own heart struck David, because he had cut off the edge of Saul’s cloak.
{24:7} Dixitque ad viros suos: Propitius sit mihi Dominus, ne faciam hanc rem domino meo, Christo Domini, ut mittam manum meam in eum, quia Christus Domini est.
{24:7} And he said to his men: “May the Lord be gracious to me, lest I do this thing to my lord, the Christ of the Lord, so that I lay my hand upon him. For he is the Christ of the Lord.”
{24:8} Et confregit David viros suos sermonibus, et non permisit eos ut consurgerent in Saul: porro Saul exurgens de spelunca, pergebat cœpto itinere.
{24:8} And David restrained his men with his words, and he would not permit them to rise up against Saul. And so Saul, going out of the cave, continued to undertake his journey.
{24:9} Surrexit autem et David post eum: et egressus de spelunca, clamavit post tergum Saul, dicens: mi domine rex. Et respexit Saul post se: et inclinans se David pronus in terram, adoravit,
{24:9} Then David also rose up after him. And departing from the cave, he cried out behind the back of Saul, saying: “My lord, the king!” And Saul looked behind him. And David, bowing himself face down to the ground, reverenced.
{24:10} dixitque ad Saul: Quare audis verba hominum loquentium, David quærit malum adversum te?
{24:10} And he said to Saul: “Why do you listen to the words of men who say: ‘David seeks evil against you?’
{24:11} Ecce hodie viderunt oculi tui quod tradiderit te Dominus in manu mea in spelunca: et cogitavi ut occiderem te, sed pepercit tibi oculus meus. Dixi enim: Non extendam manum meam in dominum meum, quia Christus Domini est.
{24:11} Behold, this day your eyes have seen that the Lord has delivered you into my hand, in the cave. And I thought that I might kill you. But my eye has spared you. For I said: I will not extend my hand against my lord, for he is the Christ of the Lord.
{24:12} Quin potius pater mi, vide, et cognosce oram chlamydis tuæ in manu mea: quoniam cum præscinderem summitatem chlamydis tuæ, nolui extendere manum meam in te. Animadverte, et vide, quoniam non est in manu mea malum, neque iniquitas, neque peccavi in te: tu autem insidiaris animæ meæ ut auferas eam.
{24:12} Moreover, see and know, O my father, the edge of your cloak in my hand. For though I cut off the top of your cloak, I was not willing to extend my hand against you. Turn your soul and see that there is no evil in my hand, nor any iniquity or sin against you. Yet you lie in wait for my life, so that you may take it away.
{24:13} Iudicet Dominus inter me et te, et ulciscatur me Dominus ex te: manus autem mea non sit in te.
{24:13} May the Lord judge between me and you. And may the Lord vindicate me from you. But my hand will not be against you.
{24:14} Sicut et in proverbio antiquo dicitur: AB IMPIIS egredietur impietas: manus ergo mea non sit in te.
{24:14} So too, it is said in the ancient proverb, ‘From the impious, impiety will go forth.’ Therefore, my hand will not be upon you.
{24:15} Quem persequeris, rex Israel? Quem persequeris? Canem mortuum persequeris, et pulicem unum.
{24:15} Whom are you pursuing, O king of Israel? Whom are you pursuing? You are pursuing a dead dog, a single flea.
{24:16} Sit Dominus iudex, et iudicet inter me et te: et videat, et iudicet causam meam, et eruat me de manu tua.
{24:16} May the Lord be the judge, and may he judge between me and you. And may he see and judge my case, and rescue me from your hand.”
{24:17} Cum autem complesset David loquens sermones huiuscemodi ad Saul, dixit Saul: Numquid vox hæc tua est fili mi David? Et levavit Saul vocem suam, et flevit:
{24:17} And when David had completed speaking words in this way to Saul, Saul said, “Could this be your voice, my son David?” And Saul lifted up his voice, and he wept.
{24:18} dixitque ad David: Iustior tu es quam ego: tu enim tribuisti mihi bona: ego autem reddidi tibi mala.
{24:18} And he said to David: “You are more just than I am. For you have distributed good to me, but I have repaid evil to you.
{24:19} Et tu indicasti hodie quæ feceris mihi bona: quomodo tradiderit me Dominus in manum tuam, et non occideris me.
{24:19} And you have revealed this day the good that you have done for me: how the Lord delivered me into your hand, but you did not kill me.
{24:20} Quis enim cum invenerit inimicum suum, dimittet eum in via bona? Sed Dominus reddat tibi vicissitudinem hanc pro eo quod hodie operatus es in me.
{24:20} For who, when he will have found his enemy, will release him along a good path? So may the Lord repay you for this good turn, because you have acted on my behalf this day.
{24:21} Et nunc quia scio quod certissime regnaturus sis, et habiturus in manu tua regnum Israel:
{24:21} And now I know certainly that you shall be king, and you shall have the kingdom of Israel in your hand.
{24:22} iura mihi in Domino, ne deleas semen meum post me, neque auferas nomen meum de domo patris mei.
{24:22} Swear to me in the Lord that you will not take away my offspring after me, nor take away my name from the house of my father.”
{24:23} Et iuravit David Sauli. Abiit ergo Saul in domum suam: et David, et viri eius ascenderunt ad tutiora loca.
{24:23} And David swore to Saul. Therefore, Saul went away to his own house. And David and his men ascended to places that were more secure.
{25:1} Mortuus est autem Samuel, et congregatus est universus Israel, et planxerunt eum, et sepelierunt eum in domo sua in Ramatha. Consurgensque David descendit in desertum Pharan.
{25:1} Then Samuel died, and all of Israel gathered together, and they mourned him. And they buried him at his house in Ramah. And David, rising up, descended to the desert of Paran.
{25:2} Erat autem vir quispiam in solitudine Maon, et possessio eius in Carmelo, et homo ille magnus nimis: erantque ei oves tria millia, et mille capræ: et accidit ut tonderetur grex eius in Carmelo.
{25:2} Now there was a certain man in the wilderness of Maon, and his possessions were at Carmel. And this man was exceedingly great. And three thousand sheep, and one thousand goats were his. And it happened that he was shearing his sheep at Carmel.
{25:3} Nomen autem viri illius erat Nabal: et nomen uxoris eius Abigail. Eratque mulier illa prudentissima et speciosa: porro vir eius durus, et pessimus, et malitiosus: erat autem de genere Caleb.
{25:3} Now the name of this man was Nabal. And the name of his wife was Abigail. And she was a very prudent and beautiful woman. But her husband was hard-hearted, and very wicked, and malicious. And he was of the stock of Caleb.
{25:4} Cum ergo audisset David in deserto quod tonderet Nabal gregem suum,
{25:4} Therefore, when David, in the desert, had heard that Nabal was shearing his sheep,
{25:5} misit decem iuvenes, et dixit eis: Ascendite in Carmelum, et venietis ad Nabal, et salutabitis eum ex nomine meo pacifice.
{25:5} he sent ten young men, and he said to them: “Ascend to Carmel, and go to Nabal, and greet him in my name peacefully.
{25:6} Et dicetis: Sit fratribus meis, et tibi pax, et domui tuæ pax, et omnibus, quæcumque habes, sit pax.
{25:6} And you shall say: ‘Peace be to my brothers and to you, and peace to your house, and peace to whatever you have.
{25:7} Audivi quod tonderent pastores tui, qui erant nobiscum in deserto: numquam eis molesti fuimus, nec aliquando defuit quidquam eis de grege, omni tempore quo fuerunt nobiscum in Carmelo.
{25:7} I have heard that your shepherds, who were with us in the desert, were shearing. We have never troubled them, nor was anything from the flock missing to them at any time, during the entire time that they have been with us in Carmel.
{25:8} Interroga pueros tuos, et indicabunt tibi. Nunc ergo inveniant pueri tui gratiam in oculis tuis: in die enim bona venimus. Quodcumque invenerit manus tua, da servis tuis, et filio tuo David.
{25:8} Question your servants, and they will tell you. Now therefore, may your servants find favor in your eyes. For we have arrived on a good day. Whatever your hand will find, give it to your servants and to your son David.’ ”
{25:9} Cumque venissent pueri David, locuti sunt ad Nabal omnia verba hæc ex nomine David: et siluerunt.
{25:9} And when the servants of David had arrived, they spoke to Nabal all these words in the name of David. And then they were silent.
{25:10} Respondens autem Nabal pueris David, ait: Quis est David? Et quis est filius Isai? Hodie increverunt servi qui fugiunt dominos suos.
{25:10} But Nabal, responding to the servants of David, said: “Who is David? And who is the son of Jesse? Today, servants who are fleeing from their lords are increasing.
{25:11} Tollam ergo panes meos, et aquas meas, et carnes pecorum, quæ occidi tonsoribus meis, et dabo viris quos nescio unde sint?
{25:11} Therefore, shall I take my bread, and my water, and the meat of the cattle that I have slain for my shearers, and give it to men, when I do not know where they are from?”
{25:12} Regressi sunt itaque pueri David per viam suam, et reversi venerunt, et nunciaverunt ei omnia verba quæ dixerat.
{25:12} And so the servants of David traveled back along their way. And returning, they went and reported to him all the words that he had said.
{25:13} Tunc ait David pueris suis: Accingatur unusquisque gladio suo. Et accincti sunt singuli gladiis suis, accinctusque est et David ense suo: et secuti sunt David quasi quadringenti viri: porro ducenti remanserunt ad sarcinas.
{25:13} Then David said to his servants, “Let each one gird his sword.” And each one girded his sword. And David also girded his sword. And about four hundred men followed David. But two hundred remained behind with the supplies.
{25:14} Abigail autem uxori Nabal nunciavit unus de pueris suis, dicens: Ecce David misit nuncios de deserto, ut benedicerent domino nostro: et aversatus est eos.
{25:14} Then it was reported to Abigail, the wife of Nabal, by one of his servants, saying: “Behold, David has sent messengers from the desert, so that they might speak kindly to our lord. But he turned them away.
{25:15} Homines isti, boni satis fuerant nobis, et non molesti: nec quidquam aliquando periit omni tempore, quo fuimus conversati cum eis in deserto:
{25:15} These men were good enough to us, and were not troublesome. Neither did we ever lose anything, during the entire time that we conversed with them in the desert.
{25:16} pro muro erant nobis tam in nocte quam in die, omnibus diebus quibus pavimus apud eos greges.
{25:16} They were a wall to us, as much in the night as in the day, during all the days that we were with them, pasturing the sheep.
{25:17} Quam ob rem considera, et recogita quid facias: quoniam completa est malitia adversum virum tuum, et adversum domum tuam, et ipse est filius Belial, ita ut nemo possit ei loqui.
{25:17} For this reason, consider and realize what you should do. For evil has been decided against your husband and against your house. And he is a son of Belial, so that no one is able to speak to him.”
{25:18} Festinavit igitur Abigail, et tulit ducentos panes, et duos utres vini, et quinque arietes coctos, et quinque sata polentæ, et centum ligaturas uvæ passæ, et ducentas massas caricarum, et posuit super asinos:
{25:18} And so Abigail hurried, and she took two hundred loaves, and two vessels of wine, and five cooked sheep, and five measures of cooked grain, and one hundred clusters of dried grapes, and two hundred masses of dried figs, and she set them upon donkeys.
{25:19} dixitque pueris suis: Præcedite me: ecce, ego post tergum sequar vos: viro autem suo Nabal non indicavit.
{25:19} And she said to her servants: “Go before me. Behold, I will follow after your back.” But she did not reveal it to her husband, Nabal.
{25:20} Cum ergo ascendisset asinum, et descenderet ad radices montis, David et viri eius descendebant in occursum eius: quibus et illa occurrit.
{25:20} And when she had climbed on a donkey, and was descending to the base of the mountain, David and his men were descending to meet her. And she met them.
{25:21} Et ait David: Vere frustra servavi omnia quæ huius erant in deserto, et non periit quidquam de cunctis quæ ad eum pertinebant: et reddidit mihi malum pro bono.
{25:21} And David said: “Truly, in vain have I preserved all that was his in the wilderness, so that nothing perished out of all that belonged to him. And he has repaid evil to me for good.
{25:22} Hæc faciat Deus inimicis David, et hæc addat, si reliquero de omnibus quæ ad ipsum pertinent usque mane, mingentem ad parietem.
{25:22} May God do these things, by the enemies of David, and may he add these other things, if I leave behind until morning, out of all that belongs to him, anything that urinates against a wall.”
{25:23} Cum autem vidisset Abigail David, festinavit, et descendit de asino, et procidit coram David super faciem suam, et adoravit super terram,
{25:23} Then, when Abigail had seen David, she hurried and descended from the donkey. And she fell upon her face before David, and she reverenced on the ground.
{25:24} et cecidit ad pedes eius, et dixit: In me sit, domine mi, hæc iniquitas: loquatur, obsecro, ancilla tua in auribus tuis: et audi verba famulæ tuæ.
{25:24} And she fell at his feet, and she said: “May this iniquity be upon me, my lord. I beg you, let your handmaid speak to your ears, and listen to the words of your servant.
{25:25} Ne ponat, oro, dominus meus rex cor suum super virum istum iniquum Nabal: quoniam secundum nomen suum stultus est, et stultitia est cum eo: ego autem ancilla tua non vidi pueros tuos, domine mi, quos misisti.
{25:25} Let not my lord, the king, I beseech you, set his heart upon this iniquitous man, Nabal. For in accord with his name, he is senseless, and foolishness is with him. But I, your handmaid, did not see your servants, my lord, whom you had sent.
{25:26} Nunc ergo domine mi, vivit Dominus, et vivit anima tua, qui prohibuit te ne venires in sanguinem, et salvavit manum tuam tibi: et nunc fiant sicut Nabal inimici tui, et qui quærunt domino meo malum.
{25:26} Now therefore, my lord, as your soul lives, and as the Lord lives, who has kept your hand to yourself, and has prevented you from coming to blood: now, let your enemies be like Nabal, and like all those who are seeking evil for my lord.
{25:27} Quapropter suscipe benedictionem hanc, quam attulit ancilla tua tibi domino meo: et da pueris qui sequuntur te dominum meum.
{25:27} Because of this, accept this blessing, which your handmaid has brought to you, my lord. And give it to the young men who follow you, my lord.
{25:28} Aufer iniquitatem famulæ tuæ: faciens enim faciet Dominus tibi domino meo domum fidelem, quia prælia Domini, domine mi, tu præliaris: malitia ergo non inveniatur in te omnibus diebus vitæ tuæ.
{25:28} Forgive the iniquity of your handmaid. For the Lord will surely make for you, my lord, a faithful house, because you, my lord, fight the battles of the Lord. Therefore, let no evil be found in you all the days of your life.
{25:29} Si enim surrexerit aliquando homo persequens te, et quærens animam tuam, erit anima domini mei custodita quasi in fasciculo viventium, apud Dominum Deum tuum: porro inimicorum tuorum anima rotabitur, quasi in impetu et circulo fundæ.
{25:29} For if a man, at any time, will rise up, pursuing you and seeking your life, the life of my lord will be preserved, as if in the sheave of the living, with the Lord your God. But the lives of your enemies will be spun around, as if with the force of a whirling sling.
{25:30} Cum ergo fecerit Dominus tibi domino meo omnia quæ locutus est bona de te, et constituerit te ducem super Israel,
{25:30} Therefore, when the Lord will have done for you, my lord, all the good that he has spoken about you, and when he will have appointed you as leader over Israel,
{25:31} non erit tibi hoc in singultum, et in scrupulum cordis domino meo, quod effuderis sanguinem innoxium, aut ipse te ultus fueris: et cum benefecerit Dominus domino meo, recordaberis ancillæ tuæ.
{25:31} this will not be for you a regret or a scruple of the heart, my lord, that you had shed innocent blood, or had taken revenge for yourself. And when the Lord will have done well for my lord, you shall remember your handmaid.”
{25:32} Et ait David ad Abigail: Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel, qui misit hodie te in occursum meum, et benedictum eloquium tuum,
{25:32} And David said to Abigail: “Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel, who sent you this day to meet me. And blessed is your eloquence.
{25:33} et benedicta tu, quæ prohibuisti me hodie ne irem ad sanguinem, et ulciscerer me manu mea.
{25:33} And blessed are you, who prevented me today from going to blood, and from taking revenge for myself with my own hand.
{25:34} Alioquin vivit Dominus Deus Israel, qui prohibuit me ne malum facerem tibi: nisi cito venisses in occursum mihi, non remansisset Nabal usque ad lucem matutinam, mingens ad parietem.
{25:34} But instead, as the Lord God of Israel lives, he has prevented me from doing evil to you. But if you had not come quickly to meet me, there would not have been left to Nabal by the morning light, anything that urinates against a wall.”
~ This last phrase is exactly what the text says. Some translations rephrase it substantially by saying ‘any male,’ which may be what is implied by the phrasing, but it is not what the text says.
{25:35} Suscepit ergo David de manu eius omnia quæ attulerat ei, dixitque ei: Vade pacifice in domum tuam, ecce audivi vocem tuam, et honoravi faciem tuam.
{25:35} Then David received from her hand all that she had brought to him. And he said to her: “Go in peace to your own house. Behold, I have heeded your voice, and I have honored your face.”
{25:36} Venit autem Abigail ad Nabal: et ecce erat ei convivium in domo eius, quasi convivium regis, et cor Nabal iucundum: erat enim ebrius nimis: et non indicavit ei verbum pusillum aut grande usque mane.
{25:36} Then Abigail went to Nabal. And behold, he was holding a feast for himself in his house, like the feast of a king. And the heart of Nabal was cheerful. For he was greatly inebriated. And she did not reveal a word to him, small or great, until morning.
{25:37} Diluculo autem cum digessisset vinum Nabal, indicavit ei uxor sua verba hæc, et emortuum est cor eius intrinsecus, et factus est quasi lapis.
{25:37} Then, at first light, when Nabal had digested his wine, his wife revealed to him these words, and his heart died within himself, and he became like a stone.
{25:38} Cumque pertransissent decem dies, percussit Dominus Nabal, et mortuus est.
{25:38} And after ten days had passed, the Lord struck Nabal, and he died.
{25:39} Quod cum audisset David mortuum Nabal, ait: Benedictus Dominus, qui iudicavit causam opprobrii mei de manu Nabal, et servum suum custodivit a malo, et malitiam Nabal reddidit Dominus in caput eius. Misit ergo David, et locutus est ad Abigail, ut sumeret eam sibi in uxorem.
{25:39} And when David had heard that Nabal was dead, he said: “Blessed is the Lord, who has judged the case of my reproach at the hand of Nabal, and who has preserved his servant from evil. And the Lord has repaid the malice of Nabal upon his own head.” Then David sent and he spoke with Abigail, so that he might take her to himself as wife.
{25:40} Et venerunt pueri David ad Abigail in Carmelum, et locuti sunt ad eam, dicentes: David misit nos ad te, ut accipiat te sibi in uxorem.
{25:40} And David’s servants went to Abigail at Carmel, and they spoke to her, saying, “David has sent us to you, so that he might take you to himself as wife.”
{25:41} Quæ consurgens, adoravit prona in terram, et ait: Ecce famula tua sit in ancillam, ut lavet pedes servorum domini mei.
{25:41} And rising up, she reverenced prone on the ground, and she said, “Behold, let your servant be a handmaid, to wash the feet of the servants of my lord.”
{25:42} Et festinavit, et surrexit Abigail, et ascendit super asinum, et quinque puellæ ierunt cum ea, pedissequæ eius, et secuta est nuncios David: et facta est illi uxor.
{25:42} And Abigail rose up and hurried, and she climbed upon a donkey, and five girls went with her, her attendants. And she followed the messengers of David, and she became his wife.
{25:43} Sed et Achinoam accepit David de Iezrael: et fuit utraque uxor eius.
{25:43} Moreover, David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel. And both of them were his wives.
{25:44} Saul autem dedit Michol filiam suam uxorem David Phalti, filio Lais, qui erat de Gallim.
{25:44} Then Saul gave his daughter Michal, the wife of David, to Palti, the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.
{26:1} Et venerunt Ziphæi ad Saul in Gabaa, dicentes: Ecce, David absconditus est in colle Hachila, quæ est ex adverso solitudinis.
{26:1} And the Ziphites went to Saul at Gibeah, saying: “Behold, David is hidden on the hill of Hachilah, which is opposite the wilderness.”
{26:2} Et surrexit Saul, et descendit in desertum Ziph, et cum eo tria millia virorum de electis Israel, ut quæreret David in deserto Ziph.
{26:2} And Saul rose up, and he descended into the desert of Ziph, and with him three thousand elect men of Israel, so that he might seek David in the desert of Ziph.
{26:3} Et castrametatus est Saul in Gabaa Hachila, quæ erat ex adverso solitudinis in via: David autem habitabat in deserto. Videns autem quod venisset Saul post se in desertum,
{26:3} And Saul encamped at Gibeah on Hachilah, which was opposite the wilderness on the way. But David was living in the desert. Then, seeing that Saul had arrived after him in the wilderness,
{26:4} misit exploratores, et didicit quod illuc venisset certissime.
{26:4} he sent explorers, and he learned that he certainly had arrived in that place.
{26:5} Et surrexit David clam, et venit ad locum ubi erat Saul: cumque vidisset locum, in quo dormiebat Saul, et Abner filius Ner, princeps militiæ eius, et Saulem dormientem in tentorio, et reliquum vulgus per circuitum eius,
{26:5} And David rose up secretly, and he went to the place where Saul was. And when he had seen the place where Saul was sleeping, and Abner, the son of Ner, the leader of his military, and Saul sleeping in a tent, and the remainder of the common people all around him,
{26:6} ait David ad Achimelech Hethæum, et Abisai filium Sarviæ, fratrem Ioab, dicens: Quis descendet mecum ad Saul in castra? Dixitque Abisai: Ego descendam tecum.
{26:6} David spoke to Ahimelech, the Hittite, and to Abishai, the son of Zeruiah, the brother of Joab, saying, “Who will descend with me to Saul in the camp?” And Abishai said, “I will descend with you.”
{26:7} Venerunt ergo David, et Abisai ad populum nocte, et invenerunt Saul iacentem et dormientem in tentorio, et hastam fixam in terra ad caput eius: Abner autem et populum dormientes in circuitu eius.
{26:7} Therefore, David and Abishai went to the people by night, and they found Saul lying down and sleeping in the tent, with his spear fixed in the ground at his head. And Abner and the people were sleeping all around him.
{26:8} Dixitque Abisai ad David: Conclusit Deus inimicum tuum hodie in manus tuas: nunc ergo perfodiam eum lancea in terra, semel, et secundo opus non erit.
{26:8} And Abishai said to David: “God has enclosed your enemy this day in your hands. Now therefore, I will pierce him with my lance, through to the ground, once, and there will not need to be a second.”
{26:9} Et dixit David ad Abisai: Ne interficias eum: quis enim extendet manum suam in Christum Domini, et innocens erit?
{26:9} And David said to Abishai: “You shall not kill him. For who may extend his hand against the Christ of the Lord, and yet be innocent?”
{26:10} Et dixit David: Vivit Dominus, quia nisi Dominus percusserit eum, aut dies eius venerit ut moriatur, aut in prælium descendens perierit:
{26:10} And David said: “As the Lord lives, unless the Lord himself will strike him, or unless his day to die will have arrived, or unless, descending into battle, he will perish,
{26:11} propitius sit mihi Dominus ne extendam manum meam in Christum Domini. Nunc igitur tolle hastam, quæ est ad caput eius, et scyphum aquæ, et abeamus.
{26:11} may the Lord be gracious to me, so that I may not extend my hand against the Christ of the Lord. Now therefore, take the spear that is at his head, and the cup of water, and let us go.”
{26:12} Tulit igitur David hastam, et scyphum aquæ, qui erat ad caput Saul, et abierunt: et non erat quisquam, qui videret, et intelligeret, et evigilaret, sed omnes dormiebant, quia sopor Domini irruerat super eos.
{26:12} And so, David took the spear, and the cup of water that was at Saul’s head, and they went away. And there was no one who saw it, or realized it, or awakened, but they were all sleeping. For a deep sleep from the Lord had fallen over them.
{26:13} Cumque transisset David ex adverso, et stetisset in vertice montis de longe, et esset grande intervallum inter eos,
{26:13} And when David had crossed over to the opposite side, and had stood upon the top of the hill far away, so that there was a great interval between them,
{26:14} clamavit David ad populum, et ad Abner filium Ner, dicens: Nonne respondebis, Abner? Et respondens Abner, ait: Quis es tu, qui clamas, et inquietas regem?
{26:14} David cried out to the people, and to Abner, the son of Ner, saying, “Will you not respond, Abner?” And responding, Abner said, “Who are you, that you would cry out and disquiet the king?”
{26:15} Et ait David ad Abner: Numquid non vir tu es? Et quis alius similis tui in Israel? Quare ergo non custodisti dominum tuum regem? Ingressus est enim unus de turba ut interficeret regem, dominum tuum.
{26:15} And David said to Abner: “Are you not a man? And who else is like you in Israel? Then why have you not guarded your lord the king? For one of the people entered, so that he might kill the king, your lord.
{26:16} Non est bonum hoc, quod fecisti: vivit Dominus, quoniam filii mortis estis vos, qui non custodistis dominum vestrum, Christum Domini. Nunc ergo vide ubi sit hasta regis, et ubi sit scyphus aquæ, qui erat ad caput eius.
{26:16} This is not good, what you have done. As the Lord lives, you are sons of death, because you have not guarded your lord, the Christ of the Lord. Now therefore, where is the king’s spear, and where is the cup of water that was at his head?”
{26:17} Cognovit autem Saul vocem David, et dixit: Numquid vox hæc tua, fili mi David? Et ait David: Vox mea, domine mi rex.
{26:17} Then Saul recognized the voice of David, and he said, “Is this not your voice, my son David?” And David said, “It is my voice, my lord the king.”
{26:18} Et ait: Quam ob causam dominus meus persequitur servum suum? Quid feci? Aut quod est malum in manu mea?
{26:18} And he said: “For what reason has my lord pursued his servant? What have I done? Or what evil is there in my hand?
{26:19} Nunc ergo audi, oro, domine mi rex, verba servi tui: si Dominus incitat te adversum me, odoretur sacrificium: si autem filii hominum, maledicti sunt in conspectu Domini: qui eiecerunt me hodie, ut non habitem in hereditate Domini, dicentes: Vade, servi diis alienis.
{26:19} Now therefore, listen, I beg you, my lord the king, to the words of your servant. If the Lord has stirred you up against me, let him make the sacrifice fragrant. But if the sons of men have done so, they are accursed in the sight of the Lord, who has cast me out this day, so that I would not live within the inheritance of the Lord, saying, ‘Go, serve strange gods.’
{26:20} Et nunc non effundatur sanguis meus in terram coram Domino: quia egressus est rex Israel ut quærat pulicem unum, sicut persequitur perdix in montibus.
{26:20} And now, let not my blood be poured out upon the earth before the Lord. For the king of Israel has gone out, so that he might seek a flea, just as the partridge is pursued amid the mountains.”
{26:21} Et ait Saul: Peccavi, revertere fili mi David: nequaquam enim ultra tibi malefaciam, eo quod pretiosa fuerit anima mea in oculis tuis hodie: apparet enim quod stulte egerim, et ignoraverim multa nimis.
{26:21} And Saul said: “I have sinned. Return, my son David. For I will never again do evil to you, because my life has been precious in your eyes this day. For it is apparent that I have acted senselessly, and have been ignorant of very many things.”
{26:22} Et respondens David, ait: Ecce hasta regis: transeat unus de pueris regis, et tollat eam.
{26:22} And responding, David said: “Behold, the king’s spear. Let one of the servants of the king cross over and take it.
{26:23} Dominus autem retribuet unicuique secundum iustitiam suam, et fidem: tradidit enim te Dominus hodie in manum meam, et nolui extendere manum meam in christum Domini.
{26:23} And the Lord will repay each one according to his justice and faith. For the Lord has delivered you this day into my hand, but I was not willing to extend my hand against the Christ of the Lord.
{26:24} Et sicut magnificata est anima tua hodie in oculis meis, sic magnificetur anima mea in oculis Domini, et liberet me de omni angustia.
{26:24} And just as your soul has been magnified this day in my eyes, so let my soul be magnified in the eyes of the Lord, and may he free me from all distress.”
{26:25} Ait ergo Saul ad David: Benedictus tu fili mi David: et quidem faciens facies, et potens poteris. Abiit autem David in viam suam, et Saul reversus est in locum suum.
{26:25} Then Saul said to David: “You are blessed, my son David. And whatever you may do, it shall certainly succeed.” And David departed on his way. And Saul returned to his place.
{27:1} Et ait David in corde suo: Aliquando incidam una die in manus Saul: nonne melius est ut fugiam, et salver in Terra Philisthinorum, ut desperet Saul, cessetque me quærere in cunctis finibus Israel? Fugiam ergo manus eius.
{27:1} And David said in his heart: “At some time, I will one day fall into the hands of Saul. Is it not better if I flee, and be saved in the land of the Philistines, so that Saul may despair and cease to seek me in all the parts of Israel? Therefore, I will flee away from his hands.”
{27:2} Et surrexit David, et abiit ipse, et sexcenti viri cum eo, ad Achis filium Maoch regem Geth.
{27:2} And David rose up and went away, he and the six hundred men who were with him, to Achish, the son of Maoch, the king of Gath.
{27:3} Et habitavit David cum Achis in Geth, ipse et viri eius; vir et domus eius; et David, et duæ uxores eius, Achinoam Iezrahelitis, et Abigail uxor Nabal Carmeli.
{27:3} And David lived with Achish at Gath, he and his men: each man with his household, and David with his two wives, Ahinoam, the Jezreelite, and Abigail, the wife of Nabal of Carmel.
{27:4} Et nunciatum est Sauli quod fugisset David in Geth, et non addidit ultra quærere eum.
{27:4} And it was reported to Saul that David had fled to Gath. And so, he did not continue to seek him.
{27:5} Dixit autem David ad Achis: Si inveni gratiam in oculis tuis, detur mihi locus in una urbium regionis huius, ut habitem ibi: cur enim manet servus tuus in civitate regis tecum?
{27:5} And David said to Achish: “If I have found favor in your eyes, let a place be given to me in one of the cities of this region, so that I may live there. For why should your servant stay in the city of the king with you?”
{27:6} Dedit itaque ei Achis in die illa Siceleg: propter quam causam facta est Siceleg regum Iuda, usque in diem hanc.
{27:6} And so, Achish gave Ziklag to him on that day. And for this reason, Ziklag belongs to the kings of Judah, even to this day.
{27:7} Fuit autem numerus dierum, quibus habitavit David in regione Philisthinorum, quattuor mensium.
{27:7} Now the number of days that David lived in the region of the Philistines was four months.
{27:8} Et ascendit David, et viri eius, et agebant prædas de Gessuri, et de Gerzi, et de Amalecitis: hi enim pagi habitabantur in terra antiquitus, euntibus Sur usque ad Terram Ægypti.
{27:8} And David and his men went up and took plunder from Geshuri, and from Girzi, and from the Amalekites. For in the land long ago, these were the inhabitants of the area, going from Shur as far as the land of Egypt.
{27:9} Et percutiebat David omnem terram, nec relinquebat viventem virum et mulierem: tollensque oves, et boves, et asinos, et camelos, et vestes, revertebatur, et veniebat ad Achis.
{27:9} And David struck the entire land. Neither did he leave alive man or woman. And he took away the sheep, and the oxen, and the donkeys, and the camels, and the garments. And he returned and went to Achish.
{27:10} Dicebat autem ei Achis: In quem irruisti hodie? Respondebat David: Contra meridiem Iudæ, et contra meridiem Ierameel, et contra meridiem Ceni.
{27:10} Then Achish said to him, “Whom did you go out against today?” And David responded, “Against the south of Judah, and against the south of Jerahmeel, and against the south of Keni.”
{27:11} Virum et mulierem non vivificabat David, nec adducebat in Geth, dicens: Ne forte loquantur adversum nos: Hæc fecit David: et hoc erat decretum illi omnibus diebus quibus habitavit in regione Philisthinorum.
{27:11} Neither man nor woman was left alive by David. Neither did he lead back any of them to Gath, saying, “Lest perhaps they may speak against us.” David did these things. And this was his decision during all the days that he lived in the region of the Philistines.
{27:12} Credidit ergo Achis David, dicens: Multa mala operatus est contra populum suum Israel: erit igitur mihi servus sempiternus.
{27:12} Therefore, Achish trusted David, saying: “He has worked much harm against his people Israel. And so, he will be a servant to me forever.”
{28:1} Factum est autem in diebus illis, congregaverunt Philisthiim agmina sua, ut præpararentur ad bellum contra Israel: dixitque Achis ad David: Sciens nunc scito, quoniam mecum egredieris in castris tu, et viri tui.
{28:1} Now it happened that, in those days, the Philistines gathered together their troops, so that they might be prepared for war against Israel. And Achish said to David, “I know now, certainly, that you will go out with me to war, you and your men.”
{28:2} Dixitque David ad Achis: Nunc scies quæ facturus est servus tuus. Et ait Achis ad David: Et ego custodem capitis mei ponam te cunctis diebus.
{28:2} And David said to Achish, “You know now what your servant will do.” And Achish said to David, “And so, I will appoint you to guard my head for all days.”
{28:3} Samuel autem mortuus est, planxitque eum omnis Israel, et sepelierunt eum in Ramatha urbe sua. Et Saul abstulit magos, et hariolos de terra.
{28:3} Now Samuel was dead, and all of Israel mourned for him, and they buried him in Ramah, his city. And Saul took away the magi and soothsayers from the land.
{28:4} Congregatique sunt Philisthiim, et venerunt, et castrametati sunt in Sunam: congregavit autem et Saul universum Israel, et venit in Gelboe.
{28:4} And the Philistines gathered together, and they arrived and made camp at Shunem. Then Saul also gathered all of Israel, and he arrived at Gilboa.
{28:5} Et vidit Saul castra Philisthiim, et timuit, et expavit cor eius nimis.
{28:5} And Saul saw the camp of the Philistines, and he was afraid, and his heart was exceedingly terrified.
{28:6} Consuluitque Dominum, et non respondit ei neque per somnia, neque per sacerdotes, neque per prophetas.
{28:6} And he consulted the Lord. But he did not respond to him, neither by dreams, nor by priests, nor by prophets.
{28:7} Dixitque Saul servis suis: Quærite mihi mulierem habentem pythonem, et vadam ad eam, et sciscitabor per illam. Et dixerunt servi eius ad eum: Est mulier pythonem habens in Endor.
{28:7} And Saul said to his servants, “Seek for me a woman having a divining spirit, and I will go to her, and consult through her.” And his servants said to him, “There is a woman having a divining spirit at Endor.”
{28:8} Mutavit ergo habitum suum, vestitusque est aliis vestimentis, et abiit ipse, et duo viri cum eo, veneruntque ad mulierem nocte, et ait illi: Divina mihi in pythone, et suscita mihi quem dixero tibi.
{28:8} Therefore, he changed his usual appearance, and he put on other clothes. And he went, and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night. And he said to her, “Divine for me, by your divining spirit, and raise up for me whomever I will tell you.”
{28:9} Et ait mulier ad eum: Ecce, tu nosti quanta fecerit Saul, et quomodo eraserit magos et hariolos de terra: quare ergo insidiaris animæ meæ, ut occidar?
{28:9} And the woman said to him: “Behold, you know how much Saul has done, and how he has wiped away the magi and soothsayers from the land. Why then do you set a trap for my life, so that it will be put to death?”
{28:10} Et iuravit ei Saul in Domino, dicens: Vivit Dominus, quia non eveniet tibi quidquam mali propter hanc rem.
{28:10} And Saul swore to her by the Lord, saying, “As the Lord lives, nothing evil will befall you because of this matter.”
{28:11} Dixitque ei mulier: Quem suscitabo tibi? Qui ait: Samuelem mihi suscita.
{28:11} And the woman said to him, “Whom shall I raise up for you?” And he said, “Raise up for me Samuel.”
{28:12} Cum autem vidisset mulier Samuelem, exclamavit voce magna, et dixit ad Saul: Quare imposuisti mihi? Tu es enim Saul.
{28:12} And when the woman had seen Samuel, she cried out with a loud voice, and she said to Saul: “Why have you afflicted me? For you are Saul!”
{28:13} Dixitque ei rex: Noli timere: quid vidisti? Et ait mulier ad Saul: Vidi deos ascendentes de terra.
{28:13} And the king said to her: “Do not be afraid. What have you seen?” And the woman said to Saul, “I saw gods ascending from the earth.”
{28:14} Dixitque ei: Qualis est forma eius? Quæ ait: Vir senex ascendit, et ipse amictus est pallio. Et intellexit Saul quod Samuel esset, et inclinavit se super faciem suam in terra, et adoravit.
{28:14} And he said to her, “What appearance does he have?” And she said, “An old man ascends, and he is clothed in a cloak.” And Saul understood that it was Samuel. And he bowed himself upon his face on the ground, and he reverenced.
{28:15} Dixit autem Samuel ad Saul: Quare inquietasti me ut suscitarer? Et ait Saul: Coarctor nimis: siquidem Philisthiim pugnant adversum me, et Deus recessit a me, et exaudire me noluit neque in manu prophetarum, neque per somnia: vocavi ergo te, ut ostenderes mihi quid faciam.
{28:15} Then Samuel said to Saul, “Why have you disquieted me, so that I would be raised up?” And Saul said: “I am greatly distressed. For the Philistines fight against me, and God has withdrawn from me, and he is not willing to heed me, neither by the hand of prophets, nor by dreams. Therefore, I have summoned you, so that you would reveal to me what I should do.”
{28:16} Et ait Samuel: Quid interrogas me, cum Dominus recesserit a te, et transierit ad æmulum tuum?
{28:16} And Samuel said, “Why do you question me, though the Lord has withdrawn from you, and has crossed over to your rival?
{28:17} Faciet enim tibi Dominus sicut locutus est in manu mea, et scindet regnum tuum de manu tua, et dabit illud proximo tuo David:
{28:17} For the Lord will do to you just as he spoke by my hand. And he will tear your kingdom from your hand. And he will give it to your neighbor David.
{28:18} quia non obedisti voci Domini, neque fecisti iram furoris eius in Amalec. idcirco quod pateris, fecit tibi Dominus hodie.
{28:18} For you did not obey the voice of the Lord, and you did not carry out the wrath of his fury upon Amalek. For this reason, the Lord has done to you what you are enduring this day.
{28:19} Et dabit Dominus etiam Israel tecum in manus Philisthiim: cras autem tu et filii tui mecum eritis: sed et castra Israel tradet Dominus in manus Philisthiim.
{28:19} And the Lord also will give Israel into the hands of the Philistines, along with you. Then tomorrow you and your sons will be with me. But the Lord will also deliver the camp of Israel into the hands of the Philistines.”
{28:20} Statimque Saul cecidit porrectus in terram: extimuerat enim verba Samuelis, et robur non erat in eo, quia non comederat panem tota die illa.
{28:20} And immediately, Saul fell stretched out on the ground. For he was terrified by the words of Samuel. And there was no strength in him. For he had not eaten bread all that day.
{28:21} Ingressa est itaque mulier illa ad Saul, (conturbatus enim erat valde) dixitque ad eum: Ecce obedivit ancilla tua voci tuæ, et posui animam meam in manu mea: et audivi sermones tuos, quos locutus es ad me.
{28:21} And so, the woman entered to Saul, (for he was very troubled) and she said to him: “Behold, your handmaid has obeyed your voice, and I have placed my life in my hand. And I have heeded the words which you spoke to me.
{28:22} Nunc igitur audi et tu vocem ancillæ tuæ, et ponam coram te buccellam panis, ut comedens convalescas, et possis iter agere.
{28:22} And so now, I ask you to heed the voice of your handmaid, and let me place before you a morsel of bread, so that, by eating, you may recover strength, and you may be able to undertake the journey.”
{28:23} Qui renuit, et ait: Non comedam. Coegerunt autem eum servi sui et mulier, et tandem audita voce eorum surrexit de terra, et sedit super lectum.
{28:23} But he refused, and he said, “I will not eat.” But his servants and the woman urged him, and after some time, heeding their voice, he rose up from the ground, and he sat upon the bed.
{28:24} Mulier autem illa habebat vitulum pascualem in domo, et festinavit, et occidit eum: tollensque farinam, miscuit eam, et coxit azyma,
{28:24} Now the woman had a fatted calf in the house, and she hurried and killed it. And taking meal, she kneaded it, and she baked unleavened bread.
{28:25} et posuit ante Saul et ante servos eius. Qui cum comedissent, surrexerunt, et ambulaverunt per totam noctem illam.
{28:25} And she set it before Saul and before his servants. And when they had eaten, they rose up, and they walked all through that night.
{29:1} Congregata sunt ergo Philisthiim universa agmina in Aphec: sed et Israel castrametatus est super fontem, qui erat in Iezrahel.
{29:1} Then all the troops of the Philistines were gathered together at Aphek. But Israel also made camp, above the spring which is in Jezreel.
{29:2} Et satrapæ quidem Philisthiim incedebant in centuriis et millibus: David autem et viri eius erant in novissimo agmine cum Achis.
{29:2} And indeed, the princes of the Philistines advanced by hundreds and by thousands; but David and his men were in the rear with Achish.
{29:3} Dixeruntque principes Philisthiim ad Achis: Quid sibi volunt Hebræi isti? Et ait Achis ad principes Philisthiim: Num ignoratis David, qui fuit servus Saul regis Israel, et est apud me multis diebus, vel annis, et non inveni in eo quidquam ex die qua transfugit ad me, usque ad diem hanc?
{29:3} And the leaders of the Philistines said to Achish, “What do these Hebrews intend to do?” And Achish said to the leaders of the Philistines: “Could you be ignorant about David, who was the servant of Saul, the king of Israel, and who has been with me for many days, even years, and I have not found within him anything, from the day that he fled to me, even to this day?”
{29:4} Irati sunt autem adversus eum principes Philisthiim, et dixerunt ei: Revertatur vir iste, et sedeat in loco suo, in quo constituisti eum, et non descendat nobiscum in prælium, ne fiat nobis adversarius, cum præliari cœperimus: quomodo enim aliter poterit placare dominum suum, nisi in capitibus nostris?
{29:4} Then the leaders of the Philistines became angry against him, and they said to him: “Let this man return, and let him settle in his place, which you appointed for him. But let him not descend with us to battle, lest he become an adversary to us when we begin to fight. For in what other way will he be able to please his lord, except with our heads?
{29:5} Nonne iste est David, cui cantabant in choris, dicentes: Percussit Saul in millibus suis, et David in decem millibus suis?
{29:5} Is not this the David, about whom they were singing, while dancing, saying: ‘Saul struck down his thousands, but David his ten thousands?’ ”
{29:6} Vocavit ergo Achis David, et ait ei: Vivit Dominus, quia rectus es tu, et bonus in conspectu meo: et exitus tuus, et introitus tuus mecum est in castris: et non inveni in te quidquam mali ex die qua venisti ad me, usque in diem hanc: sed satrapis non places.
{29:6} Therefore, Achish called David, and he said to him: “As the Lord lives, you are good and righteous in my sight, even in your departure and your return with me in the military camp. And I have not found anything evil in you, from the day that you came to me, even to this day. But you are not pleasing to the princes.
{29:7} Revertere ergo, et vade in pace, et non offendas oculos satraparum Philisthiim.
{29:7} Therefore, return, and go in peace, so that you do not offend the eyes of the princes of the Philistines.”
{29:8} Dixitque David ad Achis: Quid enim feci, et quid invenisti in me servo tuo a die qua fui in conspectu tuo in diem hanc, ut non veniam, et pugnem contra inimicos domini mei regis?
{29:8} And David said to Achish, “But what have I done, or what have you found in me, your servant, from the day that I was in your sight to this day, so that I may not go out and fight against the enemies of my lord, the king?”
{29:9} Respondens autem Achis, locutus est ad David: Scio quia bonus es tu in oculis meis, sicut Angelus Dei: sed principes Philisthinorum dixerunt: Non ascendet nobiscum in prælium.
{29:9} And in response, Achish said to David: “I know that you are good in my sight, like an angel of God. But the leaders of the Philistines have said: ‘He shall not go up with us to the battle.’
{29:10} Igitur consurge mane tu, et servi domini tui, qui venerunt tecum: et cum de nocte surrexeritis, et cœperit dilucescere, pergite.
{29:10} And so, rise up in the morning, you and the servants of your lord who came with you. And when you have risen up in the night, as it begins to be light, go forth.”
{29:11} Surrexit itaque de nocte David ipse et viri eius, ut proficiscerentur mane, et reverterentur ad Terram Philisthiim: Philisthiim autem ascenderunt in Iezrahel.
{29:11} And so David rose up in the night, he and his men, so that they might set out in the morning. And they returned to the land of the Philistines. But the Philistines ascended to Jezreel.
{30:1} Cumque venissent David et viri eius in Siceleg die tertia, Amalecitæ impetum fecerant ex parte australi in Siceleg, et percusserant Siceleg, et succenderant eam igni.
{30:1} And when David and his men had arrived at Ziklag on the third day, the Amalekites had made an attack on the south side against Ziklag. And they had struck Ziklag, and burned it with fire.
{30:2} Et captivas duxerant mulieres ex ea, a minimo usque ad magnum: et non interfecerant quemquam, sed secum duxerant, et pergebant itinere suo.
{30:2} And they had led the women in it away as captives, from the small to the great. And they had not killed anyone, but they led them away with them. And then they traveled on their journey.
{30:3} Cum ergo venissent David et viri eius ad civitatem, et invenissent eam succensam igni, et uxores suas, et filios suos, et filias ductas esse captivas,
{30:3} Therefore, when David and his men had arrived at the city, and had found it burned with fire, and that their wives and their sons and daughters had been led away as captives,
{30:4} levaverunt David et populus qui erat cum eo voces suas, et planxerunt donec deficerent in eis lacrymæ.
{30:4} David and the people who were with him lifted up their voices. And they mourned until the tears in them failed.
{30:5} Siquidem et duæ uxores David captivæ ductæ fuerant, Achinoam Iezrahelites, et Abigail uxor Nabal Carmeli.
{30:5} For indeed, the two wives of David also had been led away as captives: Ahinoam, the Jezreelite, and Abigail, the wife of Nabal of Carmel.
{30:6} Et contristatus est David valde: volebat enim eum populus lapidare, quia amara erat anima uniuscuiusque viri super filiis suis et filiabus: confortatus est autem David in Domino Deo suo.
{30:6} And David was greatly saddened. And the people were willing to stone him, because the soul of every man was bitter over his sons and daughters. But David was strengthened by the Lord his God.
{30:7} Et ait ad Abiathar sacerdotem filium Achimelech: Applica ad me ephod. Et applicavit Abiathar ephod ad David,
{30:7} And he said to the priest Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech, “Bring the ephod to me.” And Abiathar brought the ephod to David.
{30:8} et consuluit David Dominum, dicens: Persequar latrunculos hos, et comprehendam eos, an non? Dixitque ei Dominus: Persequere: absque dubio enim comprehendes eos, et excuties prædam.
{30:8} And David consulted the Lord, saying, “Shall I pursue these robbers, and will I overtake them, or not?” And the Lord said to him: “Pursue. For without doubt, you will overtake them and find the prey.”
{30:9} Abiit ergo David ipse, et sexcenti viri qui erant cum eo, et venerunt usque ad Torrentem Besor: et lassi quidam substiterunt.
{30:9} Therefore, David went away, he and the six hundred men who were with him, and they arrived as far as the torrent Besor. And certain ones, being weary, stayed there.
{30:10} Persecutus est autem David ipse, et quadringenti viri: substiterant enim ducenti, qui lassi transire non poterant Torrentem Besor.
{30:10} But David pursued, he and four hundred men. For two hundred stayed, who, being weary, were not able to cross the torrent Besor.
~ A torrent or wadi is a seasonal river or stream. Since they were not able to cross, and the rainy season in that area of the world is in the winter, it must have been winter at the time.
{30:11} Et invenerunt virum Ægyptium in agro, et adduxerunt eum ad David: dederuntque ei panem ut comederet, et biberet aquam,
{30:11} And they found an Egyptian man in the field, and they led him to David. And they gave him bread, so that he might eat, and water, so that he might drink,
{30:12} sed et fragmen massæ caricarum, et duas ligaturas uvæ passæ. Quæ cum comedisset, reversus est spiritus eius, et refocillatus est: non enim comederat panem, neque biberat aquam, tribus diebus et tribus noctibus.
{30:12} and also a section of a mass of dried figs, and two clusters of dried grapes. And when he had eaten, his spirit returned, and he was refreshed. For he had not eaten bread, nor drank water, for three days and three nights.
{30:13} Dixit itaque ei David: Cuius es tu? Vel unde? Et quo pergis? Qui ait: Puer Ægyptius ego sum, servus viri Amalecitæ: dereliquit autem me dominus meus, quia ægrotare cœpi nudiustertius.
{30:13} And so David said to him: “To whom do you belong? Or where are you from? And where are you going?” And he said: “I am a young man of Egypt, the servant of an Amalekite man. But my lord abandoned me, because I began to be sick the day before yesterday.
{30:14} Siquidem nos erupimus ad australem plagam Cerethi, et contra Iudam, et ad meridiem Caleb, et Siceleg succendimus igni.
{30:14} For indeed, we broke forth to the southern side of Cherethi, and against Judah, and to the south of Caleb, and we burned Ziklag with fire.”
{30:15} Dixitque ei David: Potes me ducere ad cuneum istum? Qui ait: Iura mihi per Deum, quod non occidas me, et non tradas me in manus domini mei, et ego ducam te ad cuneum istum. Et iuravit ei David.
{30:15} And David said to him, “Are you able to lead me to this battle line?” And he said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me, and that you will not deliver me into the hands of my lord, and I will lead you to this battle line.” And David swore to him.
~ The word ‘cuneum’ means wedge, referring to the shape of the troops when they are lined up for battle.
{30:16} Qui cum duxisset eum, ecce illi discumbebant super faciem universæ terræ comedentes et bibentes, et quasi festum celebrantes diem, pro cuncta præda, et spoliis quæ ceperant de Terra Philisthiim, et de Terra Iuda.
{30:16} And when he had led him, behold, they were stretched out on the face of the land everywhere, eating and drinking and celebrating, as if it were a feast day, because of all the prey and spoils that they had taken from the land of the Philistines, and from the land of Judah.
{30:17} Et percussit eos David a vespere usque ad vesperam alterius diei, et non evasit ex eis quisquam, nisi quadringenti viri adolescentes, qui ascenderant camelos, et fugerant.
{30:17} And David struck them down from evening until the evening of the next day. And no one among them escaped, except four hundred youths, who had climbed on camels and fled.
{30:18} Eruit ergo David omnia, quæ tulerant Amalecitæ, et duas uxores suas eruit.
{30:18} Therefore, David rescued all that the Amalekites had taken, and he rescued his two wives.
{30:19} Nec defuit quidquam a parvo usque ad magnum, tam de filiis quam de filiabus, et de spoliis, et quæcumque rapuerant, omnia reduxit David.
{30:19} And nothing was missing, from small even to great, among the sons and daughters, and among the spoils, and among everything whatsoever that they had seized. David returned it all.
{30:20} Et tulit universos greges et armenta, et minavit ante faciem suam: dixeruntque: Hæc est præda David.
{30:20} And he took all the flocks and the herds, and he drove them before his face. And they said, “This is the prey of David.”
{30:21} Venit autem David ad ducentos viros, qui lassi subsisterant, nec sequi potuerant David, et residere eos iusserat in Torrente Besor: qui egressi sunt obviam David, et populo qui erat cum eo. Accedens autem David ad populum, salutavit eos pacifice.
{30:21} Then David arrived at the two hundred men, who, being weary, had stayed, for they had not been able to follow David, and he had ordered them to remain at the torrent Besor. And they went out to meet David, and the people who were with him. Then David, drawing near to the people, greeted them peacefully.
{30:22} Respondensque omnis vir pessimus, et iniquus de viris, qui ierant cum David, dixit: Quia non venerunt nobiscum, non dabimus eis quidquam de præda, quam eruimus: sed sufficiat unicuique uxor sua et filii: quos cum acceperint, recedant.
{30:22} And all the wicked and iniquitous men, out of the men who had gone with David, responding, said: “Since they did not go with us, we will not give to them anything from the prey that we have rescued. But let his wife and children be enough for each of them; when they have accepted this, they may go back.”
{30:23} Dixit autem David: Non sic facietis fratres mei de his, quæ tradidit nobis Dominus, et custodivit nos, et dedit latrunculos, qui eruperant adversum nos, in manus nostras:
{30:23} But David said: “You shall not do this, my brothers, with these things that the Lord has delivered to us, for he has preserved us, and he has given into our hands the robbers who broke out among us.
{30:24} nec audiet vos quisquam super sermone hoc. Æqua enim pars erit descendentis ad prælium, et remanentis ad sarcinas, et similiter divident.
{30:24} And so, let no one heed you over these words. But equal shall be the portion of him who descended to the battle, and of him who remained with the supplies, and they will divide it alike.”
{30:25} Et factum est hoc ex die illa, et deinceps constitutum et præfinitum, et quasi lex in Israel usque in diem hanc.
{30:25} And this has been done from that day and thereafter. And it was established as a statute, and as if a law, in Israel even to this day.
{30:26} Venit ergo David in Siceleg, et misit dona de præda senioribus Iuda proximis suis, dicens: Accipite benedictionem de præda hostium Domini:
{30:26} Then David went to Ziklag, and he sent gifts from the prey to the elders of Judah, his neighbors, saying, “Receive a blessing from the prey of the enemies of the Lord,”
{30:27} His, qui erant in Bethel, et qui in Ramoth ad Meridiem, et qui in Iether,
{30:27} to those who were in Bethel, and who were in Ramoth toward the south, and who were in Jattir,
{30:28} et qui in Aroer, et qui in Sephamoth, et qui in Esthamo,
{30:28} and who were in Aroer, and who were in Siphmoth, and who were in Eshtemoa,
{30:29} et qui in Rachal, et qui in urbibus Ierameel, et qui in urbibus Ceni,
{30:29} and who were in Racal, and who were in the cities of Jerahmeel, and who were in the cities of Keni,
{30:30} et qui in Arama, et qui in lacu Asan, et qui in Athach,
{30:30} and who were in Hormah, and who were at the lake of Ashan, and who were in Athach,
{30:31} et qui in Hebron, et reliquis qui erant in his locis, in quibus commoratus fuerat David ipse, et viri eius.
{30:31} and who were in Hebron, and to the remainder who were in those places where David had stayed, he and his men.
{31:1} Philisthiim autem pugnabant adversum Israel: et fugerunt viri Israel ante faciem Philisthiim, et ceciderunt interfecti in monte Gelboe.
{31:1} Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel. And the men of Israel fled before the face of the Philistines, and they fell down slain on mount Gilboa.
{31:2} Irrueruntque Philisthiim in Saul, et in filios eius, et percusserunt Ionathan, et Abinadab, et Melchisua filios Saul,
{31:2} And the Philistines rushed upon Saul, and upon his sons, and they struck down Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchishua, the sons of Saul.
{31:3} totumque pondus prælii versum est in Saul: et consecuti sunt eum viri sagittarii, et vulneratus est vehementer a sagittariis.
{31:3} And the entire weight of the battle was turned against Saul. And the men who were archers pursued him. And he was severely wounded by the archers.
{31:4} Dixitque Saul ad armigerum suum: Evagina gladium tuum, et percute me: ne forte veniant incircumcisi isti, et interficiant me, illudentes mihi. Et noluit armiger eius: fuerat enim nimio terrore perterritus. Arripuit itaque Saul gladium, et irruit super eum.
{31:4} Then Saul said to his armor bearer, “Draw your sword and strike me, otherwise these uncircumcised may come and kill me, mocking me.” And his armor bearer was not willing. For he had been struck with an exceedingly great fear. And so, Saul took his own sword, and he fell upon it.
{31:5} Quod cum vidisset armiger eius, videlicet quod mortuus esset Saul, irruit etiam ipse super gladium suum, et mortuus est cum eo.
{31:5} And when his armor bearer had seen this, namely, that Saul had died, he too fell upon his sword, and he died with him.
{31:6} Mortuus est ergo Saul, et tres filii eius, et armiger illius, et universi viri eius in die illa pariter.
{31:6} Therefore, Saul died, and his three sons, and his armor bearer, and all his men, on the same day together.
{31:7} Videntes autem viri Israel, qui erant trans vallem, et trans Iordanem, quod fugissent viri Israelitæ, et quod mortuus esset Saul, et filii eius, reliquerunt civitates suas, et fugerunt: veneruntque Philisthiim, et habitaverunt ibi.
{31:7} Then, seeing that the men of the Israelites had fled, and that Saul had died with his sons, the men of Israel who were across the valley or beyond the Jordan abandoned their cities, and they fled. And the Philistines went and lived there.
{31:8} Facta autem die altera, venerunt Philisthiim, ut spoliarent interfectos, et invenerunt Saul et tres filios eius iacentes in monte Gelboe.
{31:8} Then, when the next day arrived, the Philistines came, so that they might despoil the slain. And they found Saul and his three sons lying on mount Gilboa.
{31:9} Et præciderunt caput Saul, et spoliaverunt eum armis: et miserunt in Terram Philisthinorum per circuitum, ut annunciaretur in templo idolorum, et in populis.
{31:9} And they cut off the head of Saul. And they despoiled him of the armor, and they sent it into the land of the Philistines all around, so that it might be announced in the temples of the idols and among their people.
{31:10} Et posuerunt arma eius in templo Astaroth, corpus vero eius suspenderunt in muro Bethsan.
{31:10} And they placed his armor in the temple of Ashtaroth. But his body they suspended on the wall of Bethshan.
{31:11} Quod cum audissent habitatores Iabes Galaad, quæcumque fecerant Philisthiim Saul,
{31:11} And when the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had heard all that the Philistines had done to Saul,
{31:12} surrexerunt omnes viri fortissimi, et ambulaverunt tota nocte, et tulerunt cadaver Saul, et cadavera filiorum eius de muro Bethsan: veneruntque Iabes Galaad, et combusserunt ea ibi:
{31:12} all the most valiant men rose up, and they walked all night, and they took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan. And they went to Jabesh Gilead, and they burned them there.
{31:13} et tulerunt ossa eorum, et sepelierunt in nemore Iabes, et ieiunaverunt septem diebus.
{31:13} And they took their bones, and they buried them in the forest of Jabesh. And they fasted for seven days.